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Validation of Prostate Tissue Composition by Using Hybrid Multidimensional MRI: Correlation with Histologic Findings.

Aritrick Chatterjee¹, Crystal Mercado¹, Roger M Bourne¹

¹From the Department of Radiology (A.C., C.M., A.Y., A.O., G.S.K.), Sanford J. Grossman Center of Excellence in Prostate Imaging and Image Guided Therapy (A.C., A.Y., A.O., G.S.K.), Human Tissue Resource Center (B.H.), Department of Pathology (T.A.), and Section of Urology, Department of Surgery (S.E.), University of Chicago, 5841 S Maryland Ave, MC 2026, Chicago, IL 60637; and Discipline of Medical Imaging Science, Sydney School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia (R.M.B.).

|November 9, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Hybrid multidimensional MRI accurately measures prostate tissue composition, correlating well with histologic evaluation. This technique shows promise for improving prostate cancer diagnosis and differentiation between benign and cancerous tissues.

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Area of Science:

Radiology and Imaging Science
Oncology
Biomedical Engineering

Background:

Microstructure imaging techniques like hybrid multidimensional (HM) MRI offer potential for enhanced prostate cancer diagnosis.
Histologic validation is crucial for confirming the accuracy of MRI-based tissue composition estimates.
Quantitative histologic evaluation serves as the gold standard for validating imaging biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

To validate prostate tissue composition measurements obtained via HM MRI.
To compare HM MRI findings with quantitative histologic evaluation from whole-mount prostatectomy specimens.
To assess the diagnostic performance of HM MRI in differentiating benign from cancerous prostate tissue.

Main Methods:

Prospective study involving 25 participants with biopsy-confirmed prostate cancer undergoing 3-T HM MRI prior to radical prostatectomy.
HM MRI data acquired using various echo times and b values, fitted to a three-compartment signal model (stroma, epithelium, lumen).
Quantitative histologic evaluation performed on whole-mount prostatectomy specimens to determine tissue volume fractions; comparison and correlation analyses conducted.

Main Results:

No significant differences were observed in stroma, epithelium, or lumen volume fractions between HM MRI and histologic evaluation.
Excellent correlation (Pearson's r: 0.82–0.93) and agreement (concordance correlation coefficient: 0.87–0.90) found between HM MRI and histologic measurements.
High areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (0.94–0.96) achieved by HM MRI for differentiating benign from cancerous tissue.

Conclusions:

Hybrid multidimensional MRI provides accurate and reliable quantitative assessment of prostate tissue composition.
The study demonstrates excellent correlation and agreement between HM MRI and histologic validation.
HM MRI shows significant potential as a non-invasive tool for improving prostate cancer diagnosis and characterization.