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Related Concept Videos

Pharmaceutical Alternatives: Polymorphic Form-Related and Particle Size-Related Therapeutic Nonequivalence01:27

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Changes in polymorphic forms can significantly influence the bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. Although the FDA defines pharmaceutical equivalence based on having the same active ingredient, dosage form, and route of administration, it does not automatically disqualify products with different polymorphic forms. This means two products with different polymorphs can still be deemed pharmaceutically equivalent. However, polymorphic differences can affect properties like wettability,...
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Transparent Polymeric Formulations Effective against SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Valentina Gentili1, Daniele Pazzi1, Sabrina Rizzo1

  • 1Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44100, Italy.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|November 9, 2021
PubMed
Summary

New transparent polymer coatings with silver and benzalkonium ions show strong antibacterial and SARS-CoV-2 antiviral activity. These coatings effectively inhibit bacteria, fungi, and coronaviruses, offering durable surface protection against infections.

Keywords:
SARS-CoV-2antibacterialantiviralbenzalkoniumsilver

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Microbiology
  • Virology
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) spreads through aerosols, droplets, and contaminated surfaces.
  • Antimicrobial polymers offer a promising alternative to conventional biocides for surface disinfection.
  • Developing effective and transparent antiviral coatings is crucial for public health and infection control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and evaluate transparent polymeric compounds for antimicrobial and antiviral properties.
  • To assess the efficacy of these polymers against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, Candida albicans, and coronaviruses (229E and SARS-CoV-2).
  • To determine the potential of these formulations as durable, transparent surface coatings.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of two transparent polymeric compounds with electrostatically bound silver and benzalkonium ions on a polystyrene sulfonate backbone.
  • Antimicrobial testing against bacteria and Candida albicans according to ISO EN 1276 standards.
  • Antiviral activity evaluation against 229E and SARS-CoV-2 coronaviruses using ISO UNI EN 14476:2019 standards and EMA guidelines.

Main Results:

  • The synthesized polymers demonstrated significant inhibition of Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, and Candida albicans growth (1.5-5.5 × 10^11 CFU).
  • Both formulations exhibited potent antiviral activity against 229E and SARS-CoV-2, achieving a >5-logarithm reduction within 5 minutes contact time.
  • A virucidal effect was observed from 24 to 72 hours post-infection, exceeding the European Medicines Agency's 4-logarithm reduction requirement.

Conclusions:

  • The developed transparent polymeric compounds possess strong, long-lasting antibacterial and SARS-CoV-2 antiviral properties.
  • These formulations are ideal candidates for creating transparent surface coatings with sustained antimicrobial and antiviral efficacy.
  • The study highlights a novel approach for developing advanced materials for infection prevention on surfaces.