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Neurocomputational mechanism of controllability inference under a multi-agent setting.

Jaejoong Kim1,2, Sang Wan Lee3,4,5,6,7, Seokho Yoon1,8

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Understanding how we perceive control in social settings is key. This study reveals how we integrate others' actions with our own to gauge influence, impacting motivation and potentially linking to depression.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Social Psychology
  • Computational Psychiatry

Background:

  • Controllability perception is crucial for motivated behavior and emotional regulation.
  • Estimating personal influence is complex in multi-agent environments, requiring exclusion of others' impact.
  • Previous models focused on single-agent controllability, lacking mechanisms for social contexts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the computational and neural mechanisms of controllability inference in multi-agent settings.
  • To model how individuals integrate self and other action-outcome contingencies.
  • To explore the neural correlates and biases in social controllability estimation.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a novel multi-agent Bayesian controllability inference model.
  • Utilized model-based functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) analyses.
  • Examined behavioral adaptation and self-bias in controllability inference.

Main Results:

  • Controllability inference integrates self and other action-outcome contingencies via Bayesian inference.
  • Multi-agent controllability recruits the temporoparietal junction (TPJ) and striatum, extending single-agent roles.
  • Inferred controllability information modulates motivated behavior in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC).
  • An innate self-positive bias in controllability inference aids adaptation; deviations correlate with guilt and may relate to depression.

Conclusions:

  • The TPJ is essential for integrating self- and other-related information in social controllability.
  • The findings generalize the roles of the striatum and vmPFC to multi-agent controllability.
  • Social dynamics significantly shape our sense of control, with implications for social learned helplessness and mood disorders.