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The Impact of COVID-19 on Liver Injury

Dr Reham M Dawood1, Ghada Maher Salum1, Mai Abd El-Meguid1

  • 1Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Genetic Engineering Division, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt.

The American Journal of the Medical Sciences
|November 9, 2021
PubMed

Insights

COVID-19 can cause liver injury, impacting disease severity and predicting acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This review covers COVID-19 liver injury causes and management strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Medicine
  • Virology
  • Hepatology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, is a significant global health crisis.
  • Lung injury leading to ARDS is a primary cause of mortality in COVID-19 patients.
  • Liver injury and dysfunction are frequently reported in COVID-19 patients, correlating with disease severity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiological features of liver injury in COVID-19.
  • To explore the potential causes of hepatic injury in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • To discuss management and prevention strategies for liver injury in COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes current literature on COVID-19 and liver injury.
  • It examines direct viral effects, inflammatory responses, and drug-induced liver injury.
  • Pre-existing liver conditions and hypoxemia as contributing factors are also considered.

Main Results:

  • Liver injury in COVID-19 can stem from direct SARS-CoV-2 effects, systemic inflammation, hypoxemia, and antiviral medications.
  • The presence and severity of liver dysfunction may serve as a prognostic indicator for ARDS development.
  • Pre-existing liver diseases can exacerbate COVID-19-related hepatic complications.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the multifaceted causes of liver injury in COVID-19 is crucial for patient management.
  • Proactive monitoring and tailored strategies are necessary to prevent and treat hepatic complications.
  • This review provides a comprehensive overview to guide clinical practice and future research.

Keywords:
COVID-19Cytokine stormLiver injuryLiver transaminasesPathogenesis

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