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Prognostic value of apolipoproteins in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Juan R Ulloque-Badaracco1, Enrique A Hernandez-Bustamante2, Percy Herrera-Añazco3

  • 1Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru.

Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease
|November 9, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Adequate ApoliproteinA1 (ApoA1) and ApoliproteinB (ApoB) levels may protect against severe COVID-19. Low ApoA1 levels were linked to higher mortality risk, while the ApoB/ApoA1 ratio showed no predictive value for disease severity.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Immunology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Apolipoproteins are established biomarkers for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
  • Their prognostic potential in infectious diseases, including COVID-19, is increasingly recognized.
  • Understanding these roles is crucial for managing COVID-19 patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the prognostic value of apolipoproteins for COVID-19 severity and mortality.
  • To assess the predictive utility of ApoliproteinA1 (ApoA1) and ApoliproteinB (ApoB) levels and their ratio in COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies was conducted.
  • 12 cohort studies involving 3580 patients were analyzed.
  • Newcastle-Ottawa scale assessed study quality; Egger's test evaluated publication bias.

Main Results:

  • Low ApoliproteinA1 (ApoA1) and ApoliproteinB (ApoB) levels were associated with an increased risk of severe COVID-19.
  • Low ApoA1 levels significantly correlated with higher all-cause mortality.
  • The ApoB/ApoA1 ratio did not demonstrate a statistically significant association with COVID-19 severity.

Conclusions:

  • Sufficient levels of ApoA1 and ApoB may confer protection against COVID-19 severity.
  • The ApoB/ApoA1 ratio lacks predictive utility for COVID-19 severity.
  • Apolipoprotein levels warrant further investigation as prognostic markers in COVID-19.
Abstract

Keywords:
ApoAApoBMortalityPrognosisSars-Cov-2

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