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Bacteriology of human gingivitis.

L V Moore, W E Moore, E P Cato

    Journal of Dental Research
    |May 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary

    The subgingival bacterial flora in gingivitis differs from healthy or periodontitis states in adults and children. Healthy sites are influenced by inflamed areas, suggesting bacterial interdependence.

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    Area of Science:

    • Microbiology
    • Periodontology
    • Oral Health

    Background:

    • Gingivitis is a common oral inflammatory condition.
    • Understanding the bacterial composition of subgingival plaque is crucial for diagnosing and treating periodontal diseases.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize and compare the subgingival bacterial floras of naturally occurring gingivitis in adults and children.
    • To compare these floras with those associated with health and other periodontal conditions.

    Main Methods:

    • Characterization of subgingival bacterial floras in naturally occurring gingivitis in adults and children.
    • Comparison with previously studied floras of health, moderate, severe, and juvenile periodontitis, and experimental gingivitis models.

    Main Results:

    • Gingivitis floras are distinct from health and periodontitis floras.
    • No major differences were found between naturally occurring and experimental gingivitis floras.
    • Ten bacterial species increased in both gingivitis and periodontitis compared to health, present in both affected and unaffected sites.
    • Five cultivable species and a non-cultivable 'large treponeme' increased in adult gingivitis and periodontitis.
    • Differences in cultivable spirochetes were observed between children and adults, with children having fewer positive samples and higher proportions of T. socranskii subsp. paredis.
    • Species predominant in periodontitis were found in low percentages in gingivitis, suggesting a link to increased crevicular fluid.

    Conclusions:

    • The subgingival bacterial flora in gingivitis is unique and differs from other periodontal states.
    • Bacterial populations in the oral cavity are not independent, with healthy sites influenced by inflamed areas.
    • Findings suggest a transitional flora in gingivitis, with potential to progress to periodontitis under specific conditions.

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