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Constrictive pericarditis following heart transplantation: Reality or fiction?

Bahaa M Fadel1,2, Haifa Mahjoub1,3, Elias J Salem3

  • 1King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Echocardiography (Mount Kisco, N.Y.)
|November 10, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Constrictive pericarditis, a treatable cause of diastolic heart failure, can occur after heart transplantation. Early recognition is crucial in heart transplant recipients presenting with heart failure symptoms.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiac Surgery
  • Transplantation Medicine

Background:

  • Constrictive pericarditis (CP) is a significant cause of diastolic heart failure.
  • Prior cardiac surgery is a known risk factor for developing CP.
  • Heart transplantation is a complex procedure with potential long-term complications.

Observation:

  • A case of constrictive pericarditis (CP) developing one year after heart transplantation is presented.
  • Diagnostic delays in post-transplant CP can arise from misconceptions about pericardial presence in allografts.
  • Factors like post-transplant effusion, mediastinitis, and rejection may increase CP risk.

Findings:

  • Constrictive pericarditis can occur in heart transplant recipients.
  • The absence of a native pericardium in transplanted hearts is a misconception that can delay diagnosis.
  • Specific post-transplantation complications are associated with an increased risk of developing CP.

Implications:

  • Clinicians should consider constrictive pericarditis in heart transplant recipients with unexplained heart failure.
  • Awareness of this complication is vital for timely diagnosis and management.
  • Further research may elucidate specific risk factors and diagnostic strategies for post-transplant CP.

Keywords:
constrictive pericarditisechocardiographyheart failureorthotopic heart transplantation

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