Bacteriophage as an antibacterial agent: a patent perspective

The present review encompasses a patent landscape on bacteriophage as an antimicrobial agent and one of the alternatives to combat antibiotic resistance in bacteria. This study gives a perspective on use of bacteriophages in various industries such as healthcare, food safety and animal and plant protection. Patenting activity was noted for all the antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens listed in the 'critical' category by the WHO. Broadly, claims of the analyzed patents were directed toward bacteriophage, composition/formulation containing phage, phage proteins and various methods of using or producing phage. The challenges to approval of phage therapy in clinical use may be overcome with the help of focused research and modification of the regulatory guidelines for phage therapy.