Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 13, 2025
11:15
In Situ Detection of Bacteria within Paraffin-embedded Tissues Using a Digoxin-labeled DNA Probe Targeting 16S rRNA
Published on: May 21, 2015
11.2K
Concomitant endogenous and exogenous etiology for gingival pigmentation.
Beatriz Zamboni Martins Panucci, Tulio Morandin Ferrisse, Andreia Bufalino
1Oral Pathology, Department of Stomatology, Public Oral Health, and Forensic Dentistry, Ribeira~o Preto Dental School (FORP/USP), University of Sa~o Paulo, Riberão Preto, Sa~o Paulo, Brazil. jleon@forp.usp.br.
Dermatology Online Journal
|November 10, 2021
Summary
This study presents a unique case of gingival pigmentation exhibiting characteristics of both oral melanotic macule (OMM) and amalgam tattoo (AT). This finding highlights the importance of considering differential diagnoses for oral pigmented lesions.
Area of Science:
- Oral pathology
- Dermatology
- Dental medicine
Background:
- Oral pigmented lesions encompass a range of conditions, including physiological and pathological types.
- Oral melanotic macule (OMM) presents as a small, defined brown-to-black macule, typically on the lip or gingiva.
- Amalgam tattoo (AT) appears as grey or black discoloration due to dental amalgam particles in oral soft tissues, often on the gingiva.
Observation:
- A patient presented with gingival pigmentation.
- The observed pigmentation displayed features consistent with both OMM and AT simultaneously in the same location.
Findings:
- The case demonstrates a rare instance where OMM and AT coexist.
- Histopathological examination would be crucial for definitive diagnosis.
Implications:
- This case underscores the need for thorough differential diagnosis in evaluating oral pigmented lesions.
- Accurate diagnosis is essential for appropriate patient management and treatment planning.
- Further research may elucidate the etiological factors contributing to such combined presentations.
Related Concept Videos
01:19Pigmentation
3.3K
The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
3.3K
01:14Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives
2.6K
The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
2.6K
01:33Pleiotropy
41.5K
Pleiotropy is the phenomenon in which a single gene impacts multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. For example, defects in the SOX10 gene cause Waardenburg Syndrome Type 4, or WS4, which can cause defects in pigmentation, hearing impairments, and an absence of intestinal contractions necessary for elimination. This diversity of phenotypes results from the expression pattern of SOX10 in early embryonic and fetal development. SOX10 is found in neural crest cells that form melanocytes,...
41.5K
02:32Exon Recombination
3.7K
The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes.
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
3.7K
01:39Epistasis
48.1K
In addition to multiple alleles at the same locus influencing traits, numerous genes or alleles at different locations may interact and influence phenotypes in a phenomenon called epistasis. For example, rabbit fur can be black or brown depending on whether the animal is homozygous dominant or heterozygous at a TYRP1 locus. However, if the rabbit is also homozygous recessive at a locus on the tyrosinase gene (TYR), it will have an unshaded coat that appears white, regardless of its TYRP1...
48.1K
01:09Epistasis Analysis
5.4K
Although Mendel chose seven unrelated traits in peas to study gene segregation, most traits involve multiple gene interactions that create a spectrum of phenotypes. When the interaction of various genes or alleles at different locations influences a phenotype, this is called epistasis. Epistasis often involves one gene masking or interfering with the expression of another (antagonistic epistasis). Epistasis often occurs when different genes are part of the same biochemical pathway. The...
5.4K