[Contribution of optical coherence tomography in the management of intrastent restenosis]

Intrastent restenosis (ISR) remains a common problem in interventional cardiology. Angiographic data are limited in assessing ISR. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a high-resolution endocoronary imaging technique. It allows individualization of the stent struts and thus reveals stent under-expansion or fracture, which are sometimes difficult to demonstrate on angiography. Restenotic tissue is also identified and can be classified as homogeneous neointima, heterogeneous neointima or neoatherosclerosis. OCT therefore helps guide the treatment of ISR, which varies depending on the etiology. This imaging technique also allows us to verify that the criteria for successful angioplasty have been met and thus to correct a potential risk factor for recurrence of ISR. These remarks are illustrated by two clinical cases. OCT is now validated in this indication, it remains to validate the interest of the technique on the follow-up of the patients and to integrate the new tools at our disposal.