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Related Concept Videos

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Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants &#8212; Buried Food and Social Odor Tests
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Long-lasting olfactory dysfunction in COVID-19 patients.

Bernhard Prem1, David T Liu1, Gerold Besser1

  • 1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, 1090, Vienna, Austria.

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology : Official Journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : Affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery
|November 10, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long-lasting olfactory dysfunction (OD) is common after COVID-19, with most patients experiencing reduced smell (hyposmia) months after infection. While quality of life improved, full recovery of smell and taste was not observed in this study.

Keywords:
AnosmiaCOVID-19HyposmiaOlfactionSARS-CoV-2Smell

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Olfactory dysfunction (OD) is a frequent symptom of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).
  • While short-term recovery is common, long-term olfactory function data post-COVID-19 remains variable.
  • This study investigates the persistent effects of COVID-19 on chemosensory function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the long-term course of chemosensory function in COVID-19 patients.
  • To evaluate olfactory and taste recovery 3-15 months post-infection.
  • To correlate objective testing with subjective quality of life changes.

Main Methods:

  • 102 COVID-19 patients with subjective OD underwent testing 111-457 days post-onset.
  • Chemosensory tests included Sniffin' Sticks (TDI), Candy Smell Test (CST), and Taste Strips Test (TST).
  • Questionnaires assessed olfactory importance (IOQ) and quality of life (QOD).

Main Results:

  • After a mean of 216 days, 4.0% were anosmic, 72.5% hyposmic, and 23.5% normosmic.
  • 73.5% reported subjective improvement in OD, but full recovery of smell, flavor, and taste was not achieved.
  • Quality of life related to OD improved significantly (p < 0.001), with increased parosmia scores (p = 0.014).

Conclusions:

  • Long-lasting olfactory dysfunction is a common sequela of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • The majority of affected patients exhibit hyposmia, confirmed by objective smell tests.
  • While subjective quality of life improves, persistent olfactory deficits remain a significant concern.