Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 13, 2025

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
08:50

Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

Published on: June 16, 2014

16.4K

Global and Regional White Matter Fractional Anisotropy in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease

Ellen van der Plas1, Matthew A Solomon2, Lauren Hopkins1

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA.

The Journal of Pediatrics
|November 10, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) show reduced white matter integrity, impacting brain development even before dialysis or transplantation. This study highlights the vulnerability of white matter in pediatric CKD patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Neuroimaging
  • Developmental Neuroscience

Background:

  • Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in children can affect neurological development.
  • Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract are a common cause of pediatric CKD.
  • Understanding white matter integrity is crucial for assessing neurodevelopmental outcomes in children with CKD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between neurocognition and white matter integrity in children with CKD.
  • To compare white matter integrity in children with CKD to typically developing controls.
  • To identify specific white matter regions affected by CKD in pediatric patients.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study of 17 boys with mild to moderate CKD (stages 1-3) and 20 typically developing controls (ages 6-16).
  • Utilized 3T neuroimaging and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging to assess white matter fractional anisotropy (FA).
  • Employed multivariable linear regression and false discovery rate for statistical analysis, adjusting for age.

Main Results:

  • Children with CKD exhibited significantly reduced global white matter FA compared to controls.
  • Reductions in FA were observed in specific brain regions, including the corpus callosum, cerebral peduncle, cingulum, and internal capsule.
  • No significant associations were found between medical variables or neurocognitive abilities and white matter FA within the CKD group.

Conclusions:

  • White matter development is vulnerable in children with congenital CKD, even in early stages.
  • Early-stage pediatric CKD impacts white matter integrity, suggesting potential long-term neurodevelopmental consequences.
  • Findings underscore the need for monitoring brain health in children with CKD, irrespective of disease severity or treatment modality.
Abstract

Keywords:
brainchronic kidney diseasecognitionpediatricwhite matter

More Related Videos

Using 2-Photon Microscopy to Quantify the Effects of Chronic Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction on Glomerular Processes11:47

Using 2-Photon Microscopy to Quantify the Effects of Chronic Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction on Glomerular Processes

Published on: March 4, 2022

2.4K
A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion09:02

A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion

Published on: February 2, 2021

4.6K

Related Concept Videos

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
149
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
82
Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration01:28

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be estimated from serum creatinine using the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula or the chronic kidney disease–epidemiology collaboration (CKD–EPI) equation. Both methods are widely used in clinical practice to assess kidney function and guide treatment decisions.The MDRD equation does not require weight or height measurements and is normalized to the body surface area of 1.73 m², considered the average adult surface area.
27
Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
149
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
197
Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
107