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Clinical Characteristics and Inflammatory Immune Responses in COVID-19 Patients With Hypertension: A Retrospective

Chaoran Wu1, Guangbo Qu2, Lei Wang1

  • 1Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.

Frontiers in Pharmacology
|November 11, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Hypertension increases COVID-19 severity and organ damage. However, long-term use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) may mitigate these risks in hypertensive COVID-19 patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular and metabolic disorders increase COVID-19 severity and mortality.
  • The impact of hypertension and related medications (ACEI/ARB) on COVID-19 clinical outcomes remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical characteristics and inflammatory responses in COVID-19 patients with hypertension.
  • To evaluate the association between hypertension, ACEI/ARB use, and COVID-19 severity.

Main Methods:

  • 90 COVID-19 patients were categorized into hypertension and non-hypertension groups.
  • Hypertensive patients were further classified by blood pressure control and ACEI/ARB use.
  • Clinical data and inflammatory biomarkers were compared across groups.

Main Results:

  • Hypertensive patients showed higher AST and hs-cTnI levels.
  • Long-term ACEI/ARB use was associated with lower AST, LDL-C, white blood cell count, and inflammatory markers (though not always statistically significant).
  • Hypertensive COVID-19 patients not on ACEI/ARB had a significantly higher risk of severe disease.

Conclusions:

  • Hypertension can lead to organ damage in COVID-19 patients.
  • Long-term ACEI/ARB treatment may offer protective benefits against COVID-19 severity and organ injury in hypertensive individuals.

Keywords:
COVID-19RAAS blockershypertensioninflammatory immune responsesmyocardial injury

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