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Action Potential: Phases of Stimulation01:28

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Extinction Training During the Reconsolidation Window Prevents Recovery of Fear
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Phase duration and resurgence.

Sean W Smith1,2, Brian D Greer2,3

  • 1Munroe-Meyer Institute, University of Nebraska Medical Center.

Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior
|November 11, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Treatment relapse, known as resurgence, can be predicted. Longer reinforcement in Phase 1 increases resurgence, while more alternative reinforcement and extinction in Phase 2 decreases it, according to the Resurgence as Choice in Context model.

Keywords:
human operantphase durationresurgencetranslational research

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral psychology
  • Relapse prevention research
  • Human operant conditioning

Background:

  • Resurgence, the return of previously suppressed behavior, is a significant challenge in treatment relapse.
  • Understanding the factors influencing resurgence is crucial for developing effective interventions.
  • The Resurgence as Choice in Context model offers a theoretical framework for predicting resurgence patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally evaluate the predictions of the Resurgence as Choice in Context model.
  • To investigate the impact of reinforcement and extinction durations on resurgence magnitude in humans.
  • To assess the model's ability to predict behavioral changes in human participants.

Main Methods:

  • Human participants were recruited via Amazon's Mechanical Turk.
  • An experiment was designed with four groups, varying Phase 1 and Phase 2 durations.
  • Behavioral data was collected to measure resurgence magnitude across conditions.

Main Results:

  • The Resurgence as Choice in Context model accurately predicted observed differences in resurgence magnitude.
  • Quantitative model fitting demonstrated an exceptional coefficient of determination, indicating a strong fit to the data.
  • Experimental manipulations of Phase 1 and Phase 2 durations significantly influenced resurgence.

Conclusions:

  • The Resurgence as Choice in Context model provides a valid framework for predicting human resurgence.
  • Findings support the use of human-operant preparations for studying resurgence phenomena.
  • This research has implications for refining relapse prevention strategies and informing future experimental designs.