Brevibacillus composti sp. nov., isolated from hyperthermophilic compost
Rong Tang1,2, Qi Zhang1, Yin Ye1
1Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Environmental Health and Regulation, College of Resources and Environment, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China.
International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology
|November 11, 2021
Summary
Two novel thermophilic bacteria, Brevibacillus composti, were discovered in Chinese compost. These endospore-forming bacteria exhibit unique physiological and chemotaxonomic traits, distinguishing them as a new species within the Brevibacillus genus.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Bacterial Taxonomy
- Environmental Microbiology
Background:
- Hyperthermophilic compost environments harbor diverse microbial communities.
- Thermophilic bacteria play crucial roles in organic matter decomposition.
- The genus Brevibacillus comprises aerobic, endospore-forming bacteria with industrial and environmental relevance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To isolate and characterize novel thermophilic bacteria from compost.
- To determine the taxonomic affiliation of newly isolated strains using polyphasic methods.
- To propose a new species within the Brevibacillus genus based on comprehensive data.
Main Methods:
- Isolation and cultivation of thermophilic bacteria from compost samples.
- 16S rRNA gene sequencing for phylogenetic analysis.
- Phylogenomic analysis, determination of menaquinone and fatty acid profiles, polar lipid analysis, peptidoglycan composition, and DNA G+C content determination.
- Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) for species delineation.
Main Results:
- Two strains, FJAT-54423^T and FJAT-54424, were identified as aerobic, Gram-positive, endospore-forming thermophiles.
- Phylogenetic analysis placed the strains within the Brevibacillus genus, closely related to Brevibacillus borstelensis.
- Distinct physiological properties, chemotaxonomic characteristics, and low ANI (77.7%) and dDDH (21.5%) values differentiated the strains from known species.
Conclusions:
- Strains FJAT-54423^T and FJAT-54424 represent a novel species of the genus Brevibacillus.
- The proposed name for the new species is Brevibacillus composti sp. nov.
- The type strain is FJAT-54423^T.
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