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Type 1 diabetes affects the brain functional connectivity underlying working memory processing.

Geisa B Gallardo-Moreno1, Francisco J Alvarado-Rodríguez2,3, Rebeca Romo-Vázquez2

  • 1Instituto de Neurociencias, CUCBA, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico.

Psychophysiology
|November 11, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Type-1-diabetes (T1D) patients show altered brain connectivity during visuospatial working memory tasks. T1D individuals recruit extra brain resources early, suggesting a compensatory but less efficient cognitive strategy for memory demands.

Keywords:
EEGfunctional connectivitymemory loadtype 1 diabetesworking memory

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Endocrinology
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Type-1-diabetes (T1D) is associated with visuospatial working memory (VSWM) deficits.
  • Distinct brain activation patterns are observed in T1D patients during cognitive tasks.
  • The impact of VSWM load on functional brain connectivity in T1D remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of varying VSWM load on functional brain connectivity in young T1D patients and healthy controls.
  • To compare cognitive performance and brain activity patterns between groups during VSWM task phases (encoding and maintenance).

Main Methods:

  • Electroencephalography (EEG) was used to measure brain activity.
  • Participants performed a VSWM task with different memory loads.
  • Functional brain connectivity indices were analyzed during encoding and maintenance phases.

Main Results:

  • T1D patients exhibited lower accuracy and longer reaction times compared to controls.
  • T1D patients showed increased and progressively higher functional connectivity during the encoding phase with increasing VSWM load.
  • Healthy controls displayed lower initial connectivity with more gradual adjustments during the task.

Conclusions:

  • T1D patients may employ a compensatory cognitive strategy, recruiting additional resources early to manage high VSWM load.
  • This strategy appears less efficient but demonstrates adaptation to task demands.
  • Findings highlight altered neural processing in T1D impacting cognitive functions like VSWM.