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Surveyors use Global Positioning System (GPS) technology to measure the precise location and elevation of points on Earth. In a recent survey, GPS receivers were used to determine the coordinates and elevations of two park monuments. The process involved careful mission planning, data collection, and correction to ensure accuracy. The survey began with mission planning to identify optimal satellite visibility and minimize Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP). A geodetic control point...
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Estimating experienced racial segregation in US cities using large-scale GPS data.

Susan Athey1,2, Billy Ferguson3, Matthew Gentzkow4,2

  • 1Department of Economics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305; athey@stanford.edu.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Experienced isolation, measured by smartphone GPS data, reveals lower racial segregation in daily activities than residential data suggests. This experienced isolation is linked to urban density and income mobility.

Keywords:
isolationmobilityracial segregation

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Area of Science:

  • Sociology
  • Urban Studies
  • Data Science

Background:

  • Residential segregation measures do not fully capture individuals' daily exposure to diverse populations.
  • Understanding experienced segregation is crucial for assessing social cohesion and inequality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify experienced isolation using Global Positioning System (GPS) data.
  • To compare experienced isolation with traditional residential isolation measures.
  • To identify urban characteristics associated with lower experienced isolation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized smartphone GPS data to track individuals' daily movements and locations.
  • Calculated experienced isolation based on racial diversity encountered in visited locations.
  • Correlated experienced isolation with residential segregation metrics and city-level socioeconomic data.

Main Results:

  • Experienced isolation is substantially lower than residential isolation across individuals.
  • Experienced isolation and residential isolation show a high correlation at the city level.
  • Denser, wealthier, more educated cities with high public transit use exhibit lower experienced isolation.
  • Experienced isolation is negatively correlated with upward income mobility.

Conclusions:

  • Daily mobility patterns significantly reduce perceived racial isolation compared to static residential measures.
  • Urban planning and socioeconomic factors play a role in mitigating experienced segregation.
  • Future research should explore interventions to reduce experienced isolation and promote social integration.