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Related Concept Videos

Plastic Behavior01:21

Plastic Behavior

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A material's elastic behavior is characterized by the disappearance of stress once the load is removed, allowing the material to return to its original state. However, when stress surpasses the yield point, yielding commences, marking the onset of plastic deformation or permanent set. This change from elastic to plastic behavior is influenced by the peak stress value and the duration before the load is removed. An intriguing observation occurs when a specimen is loaded, unloaded, and...
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Relation between Poisson's ratio, Modulus of Elasticity and Modulus of Rigidity01:15

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Deformation occurs in axial and transverse directions when an axial load is applied to a slender bar. This deformation impacts the cubic element within the bar, transforming it into either a rectangular parallelepiped or a rhombus, contingent on its orientation. This transformation process induces shearing strain. Axial loading elicits both shearing and normal strains. Applying an axial load instigates equal normal and shearing stresses on elements oriented at a 45° angle to the load axis.
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Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses01:20

Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses

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As discussed in previous lessons, strain energy in a material is the energy stored when it is elastically deformed, a concept crucial in materials science and mechanical engineering. This energy results from the internal work done against the cohesive forces within the material. When a material undergoes shearing stress and corresponding shearing strain, the strain energy density, which is the energy stored per unit volume, is calculated. Within the elastic limit, where the stress is...
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Thermal Strain01:19

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Thermal strain is a concept that arises when we consider how temperature changes affect structures. Unlike the conventional assumption that structures remain constant under load, real-world scenarios often involve temperature fluctuations that can significantly impact these structures. Consider a homogeneous rod with a uniform cross-section resting freely on a flat horizontal surface. If the rod's temperature increases, the rod elongates. This elongation is proportional to the temperature...
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When analyzing elongated structures like bars subjected to uniformly distributed loads, it is essential to understand the transformation of plane strain when coordinate axes are rotated. This transformation helps to assess how material deformation characteristics vary with orientation, which is crucial in materials science and structural engineering.
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Elastic Strain Energy for Normal Stresses

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Strain energy quantifies the energy stored within a material due to deformation under loading conditions, a fundamental concept in materials science and engineering. The strain energy can be modeled when a material is subjected to axial loading with uniformly distributed stress. In this scenario, the stress experienced by the material is the internal force divided by the cross-sectional area, and the strain induced is directly proportional to this stress through the modulus of elasticity.
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Updated: Oct 13, 2025

Applying Dynamic Strain on Thin Oxide Films Immobilized on a Pseudoelastic Nickel-Titanium Alloy
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Dynamic strain evolution in an optically excited Pt thin film.

M F DeCamp1, A D DiChiara2, K M Unruh1

  • 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA.

AIP Advances
|November 12, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Ultrafast laser pulses induce structural changes in platinum films. Below 50 mJ/cm², reversible lattice expansion occurs, while higher fluences cause irreversible stress relaxation and altered structural evolution.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Surface Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Platinum (Pt) thin films are crucial in catalysis and electronics.
  • Understanding their structural dynamics under laser irradiation is key for advanced applications.
  • Photo-thermal effects play a significant role in material modification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the structural evolution of Pt thin films after ultrafast photo-thermal excitation.
  • To determine the influence of laser pulse fluence on stress relaxation and lattice dynamics.
  • To establish the time-resolved response of Pt films to ps laser pulses.

Main Methods:

  • Time-resolved structural analysis using ultrafast optical laser pulses (1 ps).
  • High time resolution (100 ps) measurements over 1 ms.
  • Variable laser pulse fluences (below and above 50 mJ/cm²).

Main Results:

  • Low fluences (<50 mJ/cm²) caused reversible lattice expansion and decreased coherence length within 100-200 ps.
  • High fluences (>50 mJ/cm²) induced irreversible stress relaxation and altered lattice coherence evolution.
  • Structural recovery was observed at low fluences, but not at high fluences.

Conclusions:

  • Laser fluence dictates the reversibility of structural changes in Pt thin films.
  • Ultrafast photo-thermal effects can be harnessed for controlled material modification.
  • The study provides insights into laser-induced stress relaxation mechanisms in metallic thin films.