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Related Experiment Videos

Dissolution of mercury from amalgam into saline solution.

T Okabe, J Ferracane, C Cooper

    Journal of Dental Research
    |January 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary

    Mercury release from dental amalgam components was studied. Gamma 1 phase released the most mercury, while gamma 2 released the least, with significant ion adsorption observed.

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    Area of Science:

    • Materials Science
    • Biomaterials Science
    • Corrosion Science

    Background:

    • Dental amalgams are widely used restorative materials.
    • Understanding mercury release from amalgam components is crucial for safety assessments.
    • Intermetallic phases within amalgam structure influence material behavior.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To quantify mercury dissolution from dental amalgam and its intermetallic phases (gamma 1, gamma 2, beta 1).
    • To compare mercury release rates among different amalgam components.
    • To investigate mercury ion adsorption during aging in saline solution.

    Main Methods:

    • Aging of amalgam and intermetallic compound specimens in 0.9% NaCl solution at 37°C for one week.
    • Measurement of released mercury using quantitative analytical techniques.
    • Analysis of mercury ion adsorption onto container surfaces.

    Main Results:

    • Gamma 1 phase exhibited the highest mercury release (30.2 µg/cm²), significantly exceeding that of bulk amalgam (0.5–2.2 µg/cm²) and beta 1 (5.7 µg/cm²).
    • Gamma 2 phase showed the lowest mercury release (0.46 µg/cm²).
    • Up to 55% of liberated mercury ions adsorbed onto vial walls, indicating potential underestimation of dissolution in some experimental setups.

    Conclusions:

    • The gamma 1 intermetallic phase is a primary source of mercury release from dental amalgams.
    • Mercury dissolution varies significantly between different amalgam phases.
    • Adsorption of mercury ions is a significant factor affecting measured mercury release, necessitating careful experimental design.

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