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Rhino-orbito-cerebral Mucormycosis: Pictorial Review

Vivek Pai1, Rima Sansi2, Ritesh Kharche3

  • 1Department of Radiology, SevenHills Hospital, Mumbai, India. vivhekpai@gmail.com.

Insights Into Imaging
|November 12, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Mucormycosis is a severe fungal infection, often seen in diabetic and immunocompromised patients. This review details rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis, particularly its link with COVID-19, and imaging findings.

Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Mucormycosis (MCR) is a life-threatening opportunistic fungal infection.
  • Key risk factors include diabetes, immunosuppression, and high serum iron.
  • Recent MCR co-infections in COVID-19 patients are linked to metabolic factors and corticosteroid use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mycology and risk factors of MCR.
  • To describe the cross-sectional imaging of rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) and its complications.
  • To present proven cases of ROCM with COVID-19 co-infection.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of MCR mycology and risk factors.
  • Analysis of cross-sectional imaging in ROCM cases.
  • Presentation of microbiologically/histopathologically confirmed ROCM and COVID-19 co-infections.

Main Results:

  • ROCM, the most common MCR form, involves sinonasal cavities, orbits, and brain.
  • Fungal angioinvasion facilitates spread to adjacent structures.
  • Imaging characteristics of ROCM and its complications are detailed.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding MCR's risk factors and fungal properties is crucial.
  • Cross-sectional imaging is vital for diagnosing ROCM and its complications.
  • The association between MCR and COVID-19 warrants further investigation.
Keywords:
Invasive fungal sinusitisMucormycosisRhino-orbito-cerebral Mucormycosis

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