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Area of Science:

  • Cosmology
  • Particle Physics
  • Astrophysics

Background:

  • Cosmic birefringence is a phenomenon where the polarization of light rotates as it travels through space.
  • Axionlike particles (ALPs) are hypothetical particles that could be candidates for dark matter.
  • The behavior of ALPs after cosmic recombination is crucial for understanding cosmic birefringence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a mechanism for cosmic birefringence linked to axionlike particles (ALPs).
  • To investigate how ALPs acquire mass and influence cosmic birefringence through interaction with dark matter.
  • To explore implications for dark matter models and the QCD axion.

Main Methods:

  • Developing a theoretical scenario where ALPs couple to dark matter density.
  • Introducing a model with hidden monopoles as dark matter, inducing an effective mass in ALPs via the Witten effect.
  • Analyzing the mass range for ALPs and conditions for the mechanism to operate.

Main Results:

  • ALPs naturally acquire a large effective mass after matter-radiation equality when coupled to dark matter.
  • This mechanism is effective for a wide range of ALP masses, including very low values (m_{ϕ}≲10^{-28} eV).
  • The proposed model, utilizing hidden monopoles, can explain cosmic birefringence without fine-tuning the ALP decay constant.

Conclusions:

  • The interaction between ALPs and dark matter provides a natural explanation for cosmic birefringence.
  • The model offers a solution to the QCD axion domain wall problem.
  • This research opens new avenues for probing dark matter and fundamental physics through cosmological observations.