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From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
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Halogen Bonding Ionophore for Potentiometric Iodide Sensing.

Georgina E K K Seah1, Angeline Y X Tan1, Zhi Hao Neo1

  • 1Institute of Material Research and Engineering, A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research) Research Entities, 2 Fusionopolis Way, Innovis #08-03, Singapore 138634, Singapore.

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Summary

We developed a novel sensor for detecting iodide (I-), an essential nutrient for thyroid health. This sensor utilizes halogen bonding interactions for selective and rapid iodide quantification in various samples.

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Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Chemical Sensing

Background:

  • Iodide (I-) is a crucial micronutrient vital for thyroid hormone synthesis.
  • Accurate and rapid quantification of iodide is essential in food and biological matrices.
  • Existing methods for iodide detection may lack portability or selectivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To report the first halogen bonding (XB) tripodal ionophore (XB1) for selective iodide anion sensing.
  • To investigate the role of XB interactions in ionophore-analyte binding.
  • To develop and evaluate an iodide-selective potentiometric sensor based on XB1.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis and characterization of the XB tripodal ionophore XB1.
  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study binding interactions with iodide.
  • Fabrication and electrochemical evaluation of iodide-selective electrodes using XB1 and the phase boundary model.

Main Results:

  • XB1 demonstrated selective binding with iodide, primarily driven by halogen bonding interactions.
  • The developed iodide-selective electrode showed a near-Nernstian response (-51.9 mV/decade) over a wide dynamic range (10-1 to 10-6 M).
  • The sensor exhibited anti-Hofmeister selectivity for iodide over thiocyanate, enabling *in situ* determination in complex samples.

Conclusions:

  • Halogen bonding is a viable supramolecular interaction for designing selective anion sensors.
  • The XB1 ionophore enables the development of robust and selective potentiometric sensors for iodide.
  • This work advances the field of anion sensing through the application of XB interactions.