Pharmaceuticals as emerging pollutants: Case naproxen an overview
Andrea Liliana Moreno Ríos1, Karol Gutierrez-Suarez1, Zenen Carmona2
1Department of Civil and Environmental, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla, CUC, Calle 58 # 55-66, Barranquilla, Atlántico, Colombia.
Chemosphere
|November 12, 2021
Summary
Naproxen (NP), a common pain reliever, persists in the environment due to difficult biodegradation. This review examines NP
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Environmental Chemistry
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), particularly naproxen (NP), are globally consumed for pain and fever relief.
- NP is frequently detected in the environment as it resists conventional water treatment and biodegradation.
- Both parent NP and its metabolites can accumulate in various environmental compartments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current knowledge on the environmental introduction and fate of naproxen (NP).
- To identify research gaps and needs concerning NP's environmental behavior.
- To summarize NP's sources, environmental destinations, toxicology, ecological effects, and analytical methods.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of scientific studies on naproxen in the environment.
- Synthesis of data on NP sources, pathways, and environmental concentrations.
- Compilation of information on NP's ecotoxicology and degradation.
Main Results:
- Naproxen (NP) enters aquatic and terrestrial environments through various sources, including wastewater.
- NP exhibits persistence and resistance to removal in standard treatment processes.
- Metabolites and transformation products of NP also contribute to environmental contamination.
Conclusions:
- Further research is needed to fully understand the environmental risks of NP and its byproducts.
- Improved wastewater treatment strategies may be required for effective NP removal.
- Comprehensive environmental monitoring and risk assessment are crucial for managing NP pollution.
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