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Atypical microbial keratitis.

Hon Shing Ong¹, Namrata Sharma², Lynette M Phee³

¹Corneal and External Diseases Department, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore; Tissue Engineering and Cell Therapy Department, Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore; Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Graduate Medical School, Singapore.

The Ocular Surface

|November 12, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Atypical microbial keratitis, caused by uncommon organisms, presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This review guides clinicians on managing these severe corneal infections, including rare cases like infectious crystalline keratopathy.

Keywords:

Achromobacter Achromobacter xylosoxidans Atypical keratitis Atypical mycobacteria Cornea Infections Infectious crystalline keratopathy Infectious keratitis Infective keratitis Keratitis LASIK Microbial keratitis Nocardia Pythium Refractive surgery

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Area of Science:

Ophthalmology
Microbiology

Background:

Atypical microbial keratitis involves infections by rare microorganisms, often leading to poorer visual outcomes compared to common bacterial keratitis.
Challenges in identifying causative agents via standard methods delay effective treatment for atypical microbial keratitis.
Limited literature exists on managing these uncommon corneal infections, necessitating specialized guidance.

Approach:

This review synthesizes current management strategies and evidence for atypical microbial keratitis.
It focuses on specific challenging pathogens: atypical mycobacteria, Nocardia, Achromobacter, and Pythium.
Additionally, it addresses infectious crystalline keratopathy and post-refractive infectious keratitis.

Key Points:

Atypical microbial keratitis requires prompt and accurate diagnosis for effective treatment.
Management strategies vary based on the specific causative organism.
Early recognition and tailored therapy are crucial for improving visual prognosis.

Conclusions:

This review provides a clinical guide for managing difficult atypical microbial keratitis cases.
It emphasizes the need for awareness and specialized approaches for uncommon corneal infections.
Improved understanding and management protocols can enhance patient outcomes in challenging keratitis scenarios.