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Gut Microbiome in Chronic Coronary Syndrome Patients

Emilia Sawicka-Smiarowska1,2, Kinga Bondarczuk3, Witold Bauer4

  • 1Department of Population Medicine and Lifestyle Diseases Prevention, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland.

Journal of Clinical Medicine
|November 13, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is linked to significant changes in gut microbiome composition and function. This study found a higher Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and altered biodiversity in CAD patients, suggesting a role for the gut microbiome in disease development.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Cardiology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Classical coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors do not fully explain high morbidity and mortality rates.
  • Emerging research suggests the gut microbiome may play a role in CAD development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate and compare the gut microbiome composition between patients with CAD and a healthy control group.
  • To identify specific microbial and functional differences associated with CAD.

Main Methods:

  • 16S rRNA gene sequencing (V3-V4 region) was used for microbiome analysis in 169 CAD patients and 166 controls.
  • Health assessments and targeted metabolomics were performed.
  • Bioinformatic analysis included taxonomic unit identification, biodiversity assessment, and functional prediction.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in 1070 out of 4074 identified taxonomic units were found between groups.
  • CAD patients exhibited a higher Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and altered alpha- and beta-biodiversity.
  • Specific microbial pathways and proteins were predicted to be differentially expressed in CAD patients.

Conclusions:

  • Coronary artery disease is associated with distinct alterations in gut microbiome composition and function.
  • The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio and microbiome biodiversity are potential biomarkers for CAD.
  • Gut microbiome modulation may offer novel therapeutic strategies for CAD.

Keywords:
Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratiocoronary artery diseasegut microbiomemicrobiome dysbiosisphosphatidylcholinetargeted metabolomics

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