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Related Concept Videos

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When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
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The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 13, 2025

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Na&#239;ve CD4 T Lymphocytes
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TRPA1 Expression and Pathophysiology in Immune Cells.

Robbe Naert1, Alejandro López-Requena1,2, Karel Talavera1

  • 1Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, VIB Center for Brain & Disease Research, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|November 13, 2021
PubMed
Summary

The transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel is found in immune cells, influencing inflammatory conditions. Further research is needed to understand its functional roles and therapeutic potential in immunity.

Keywords:
B cellsNK cellsT cellsTRPA1basophilsdendritic cellseosinophilsimmunitymacrophagesmast cells

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • The transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel is primarily known as a sensor in nociceptive neurons.
  • Emerging evidence indicates TRPA1 expression in various immune cells, including eosinophils, mast cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells, and B cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the expression and known roles of TRPA1 in immune cells.
  • To highlight the dual contribution of TRPA1 in immune responses, encompassing both defensive and exacerbating inflammatory functions.
  • To identify knowledge gaps and suggest future research directions for TRPA1 in immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies investigating TRPA1 expression and function in immune cells.
  • Biochemical detection of TRPA1 in various immune cell types.
  • Analysis of functional data linking TRPA1 to specific inflammatory diseases.

Main Results:

  • TRPA1 is detected in multiple immune cells (eosinophils, mast cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells, B cells) but not neutrophils.
  • TRPA1 has been implicated in inflammatory conditions such as arthritis, anaphylaxis, atopic dermatitis, atherosclerosis, renal injury, cardiac hypertrophy, inflammatory bowel disease, and colitis.
  • Functional data on TRPA1 in immune cells are scarce, with no reported studies in basophils and NK cells.

Conclusions:

  • TRPA1 plays a significant role in immune cell function and inflammatory processes.
  • TRPA1's involvement in immunity is context-dependent, acting as a sensor for injury and noxious stimuli but also contributing to inflammation exacerbation.
  • Further functional characterization of TRPA1 in immune cells is crucial for understanding its role in inflammation and its potential as a therapeutic target.