Oral Health Status in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Systematic Review

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic disorders that affect the gastrointestinal tract, including the oral cavity. This systematic review was designed to answer the question "Is there a relationship between oral health status and inflammatory bowel diseases?". Following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, fifteen studies were included (according to PRISMA statement guidelines). Due to their heterogeneity, only six articles about the prevalence of periodontal disease in IBD patients were included in the meta-analysis. Both Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) patients had an increased odds of periodontitis coincidence compared to the controls, more than 2- and 3-fold, respectively. Moreover, in most studies, patients with IBD were characterized by higher values of caries indices. In conclusion, despite the conducted systematic review, the risk of oral diseases in IBD patients cannot be clearly established due to the possible association of other factors, e.g., sociodemographic or environmental factors.