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LECAR: Location Estimation-Based Congestion-Aware Routing Protocol for Sparsely Deployed Energy-Efficient UAVs.

Imtiaz Mahmud1, You-Ze Cho1

  • 1School of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|November 13, 2021
PubMed
Summary

We developed a new routing protocol for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) that improves energy efficiency. This location estimation-based congestion-aware routing protocol (LECAR) balances packet delivery with reduced energy consumption in flying ad hoc networks.

Keywords:
DTNDTN-based routing protocolFANETLECARenergy-efficient UAVenergy-efficient routing protocollocation estimation-based routing protocol

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Area of Science:

  • Computer Science
  • Network Engineering
  • Robotics

Background:

  • Energy-efficient routing is crucial for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in flying ad hoc networks (FANets).
  • Traditional delay-tolerant network (DTN) routing protocols in FANets often lead to high energy consumption due to data dissemination strategies that cause congestion and excess transmissions.
  • Optimizing routing is critical for UAVs covering large areas with limited numbers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel routing protocol, LECAR, that addresses the trade-off between packet delivery ratio and energy consumption in FANets.
  • To enhance routing efficiency in UAV networks by incorporating location estimation and congestion awareness.
  • To reduce unnecessary transmissions and energy expenditure in delay-tolerant UAV networks.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a location estimation-based congestion-aware routing protocol (LECAR) for UAVs.
  • Utilized mobility models to estimate destination locations, accounting for outdated location information.
  • Integrated destination distance and neighboring UAV buffer occupancy into the routing decision process.
  • Conducted simulations to evaluate the protocol's performance.

Main Results:

  • LECAR effectively balances high packet delivery ratio with low energy consumption.
  • The protocol minimizes the number of transmissions required for data delivery.
  • LECAR reduces the number of packet copies generated simultaneously.
  • Simulation results demonstrate significant improvements over traditional methods.

Conclusions:

  • LECAR offers an energy-efficient and effective routing solution for UAVs in FANets.
  • The protocol's congestion-aware and location-aware approach optimizes network performance.
  • LECAR is suitable for scenarios requiring extensive area coverage with a limited number of UAVs.