Charge Transfer Complexes of 1,3,6-Trinitro-9,10-phenanthrenequinone with Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds

Understanding the interactions of organic donor and acceptor molecules in binary associates is crucial for design and control of their functions. Herein, we carried out a theoretical study on the properties of charge transfer complexes of 1,3,6-trinitro-9,10-phenanthrenequinone (PQ) with 23 aromatic π-electron donors. Density functional theory (DFT) was employed to obtain geometries, frontier orbital energy levels and amounts of charge transfer in the ground and first excited states. For the most effective donors, namely, dibenzotetrathiafulvalene, pentacene, tetrathiafulvalene, 5,10-dimethylphenazine, and tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine, the amount of charge transfer in the ground state was shown to be 0.134-0.240 e^-. Further, a novel charge transfer complex of PQ with anthracene was isolated in crystalline form and its molecular and crystal structure elucidated by single-crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction.