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Related Concept Videos

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
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Biodegradable PGA/PBAT Blends for 3D Printing: Material Performance and Periodic Minimal Surface Structures.

Zihui Zhang1, Fengtai He2, Bo Wang3

  • 1School of Automotive Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.

Polymers
|November 13, 2021
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Summary

Biodegradable polyglycolic acid (PGA) and poly (butyleneadipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) blends were successfully 3D printed into complex structures. These materials offer comparable mechanical properties to traditional plastics, showing potential for stiffer applications.

Keywords:
biodegradable polyestersfused deposition modeling (FDM)mechanical propertypolyglycolic acid (PGA)triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS)

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Science
  • Additive Manufacturing

Background:

  • Growing demand for sustainable alternatives to non-degradable plastics.
  • Additive manufacturing (3D printing) offers a green, energy-efficient method for creating complex geometries.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop biodegradable polyester feedstock for 3D printing using polyglycolic acid (PGA) and poly (butyleneadipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT).
  • To investigate the mechanical properties and printability of PGA/PBAT blends.
  • To manufacture and evaluate complex structures, specifically Diamond-Triply Periodic Minimal Surfaces (D-TPMS), using fused deposition modeling (FDM).

Main Methods:

  • Blending of PGA and PBAT in various formulations.
  • Extrusion of optimized PGA/PBAT blends into 3D printing filaments.
  • Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) 3D printing of filaments and complex structures.
  • Mechanical testing (tensile, flexural, impact, compressive) of printed and injection-molded samples.
  • Computer Tomography (CT) for structural analysis.

Main Results:

  • PGA/PBAT blends demonstrated tailored stiffness-toughness mechanical performance.
  • PGA/PBAT (85/15) filaments exhibited good thermal stability and mechanical properties.
  • FDM 3D-printed PGA/PBAT samples showed comparable tensile, flexural, and impact properties to injection-molded counterparts.
  • Uniform and graded D-TPMS structures were successfully fabricated with excellent dimensional stability and quality.
  • PGA/PBAT (85/15) D-TPMS structures exhibited superior load-carrying capacity and energy absorption compared to neat PGA.

Conclusions:

  • Biodegradable PGA/PBAT blends can be effectively processed into 3D printing feedstock.
  • The FDM technique is suitable for manufacturing complex structures with these biodegradable materials.
  • PGA/PBAT materials demonstrate significant potential for applications requiring stiff, yet biodegradable, components with enhanced energy absorption capabilities.