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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 13, 2025

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Papillary Thyroid Cancer Prognosis: An Evolving Field.

Salvatore Ulisse1, Enke Baldini1, Augusto Lauro1

  • 1Department of Surgical Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.

Cancers
|November 13, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Advances in understanding papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) reveal driver mutations in over 98% of cases. New molecular subtypes and refined staging systems improve personalized treatment for this common thyroid malignancy.

Keywords:
BRAFTERT promoterTNMestrogen receptormiRNAmolecular pathogenesisplasminogen activating systemprognosistherapythyroid cancerstumor molecular profiling

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common thyroid malignancy.
  • Significant progress has been made in understanding PTC molecular pathogenesis.
  • Over 98% of PTC cases harbor identifiable cancer driver mutations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in the clinical management of thyroid nodules.
  • To analyze current thyroid cancer staging systems.
  • To explore novel molecular markers and clinicopathological features for improved PTC prognosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on thyroid cancer management and molecular pathogenesis.
  • Analysis of clinicopathological features (gender, autoimmunity, multifocality, variants, invasion).
  • Evaluation of molecular markers (BRAF/TERT mutations, miRNAs, plasminogen activating system).

Main Results:

  • Identification of numerous cancer driver mutations in PTC.
  • Proposal of a new classification for PTC into molecular subtypes.
  • Modification of prognostic stratification systems for refined patient staging.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding molecular drivers is crucial for PTC classification and management.
  • Clinicopathological and molecular markers offer potential for improved prognostic stratification.
  • Personalized treatment approaches for PTC patients are increasingly feasible.