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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Sociology
  • Criminology

Background:

  • Intimate partner violence (IPV) and sexual violence (SV) are prevalent issues, often beginning in adolescence.
  • Primary prevention strategies are crucial for addressing the root causes of youth violence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review the effectiveness of interventions for the primary prevention of IPV and SV among youth.
  • To identify successful strategies for reducing perpetration, victimization, and increasing bystander action.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of studies identified from previous reviews and updated searches (2012-2016).
  • Assessment of intervention effectiveness using Guide to Community Preventive Services methods.
  • Inclusion of studies conducted in high-income countries focusing on youth.

Main Results:

  • 28 studies (32 arms) met inclusion criteria; interventions combined skill-building, norm promotion, and environmental changes.
  • 18 of 24 study arms showed favorable results in decreasing perpetration of IPV and SV.
  • Effectiveness for bystander action decreased with longer follow-up; consistent results for decreasing victimization were not found.

Conclusions:

  • Interventions for primary prevention of IPV and SV are effective in reducing perpetration among youth.
  • Sustaining bystander action may necessitate extended follow-up periods.
  • Findings can guide researchers, educators, and policymakers in implementing effective violence prevention strategies.