Development of a second-generation phototransducer for the assessment of velopharyngeal activity

There has been considerable interest in development of instrumental measures for quantifying velopharyngeal function. This paper describes the design and evaluation of a second-generation device that might be used to transduce opening magnitude and movement of the velopharyngeal valve. Miniature optoelectronic components were used to construct and evaluate the phototransducer on the basis of five a priori design objectives: (1) linear relationship between valve opening cross-sectional area and phototransducer output; (2) a response time quick enough to allow for accurate tracking of velopharyngeal movement; (3) insensitivity of the device to ambient light; (4) high sensitivity to valve opening magnitude; and (5) low cost. All five a priori design objectives were met. Potential usefulness of the device in both clinical and research applications and directions for future research are discussed.