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Published on: June 13, 2020
Bioactive compounds from Lactarius deterrimus interfere with the invasive potential of gastric cancer cells
Kamila Król1, Maciej Pudełek1, Gracjana Krzysiek-Mączka2
1Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
Abstract:
Stomach cancer is the 4th most common cancer diagnosed worldwide. Despite intensive research on its etiopathology, its treatment strategies have not changed in the last 50 years. Mushrooms have recently attracted much attention as the source of bioactive compounds that can potentially complement cancer therapies. Here, we extracted a phenolic fraction from Lactarius deterrimus and analyzed its composition and bioactivity against the gastric cancer (AGS) cells. The complexity of L. deterrimus compounds was revealed by an HPLC assay, and was accompanied by cytostatic, cytotoxic and anti-invasive effects of the L. deterrimus extract (LDE). These are illustrated by inhibition of the AGS cells' proliferation, metabolic activity and motility, and by induction of the cytoskeleton rearrangements. Apparently, these effects are exerted via activation of intracellular oxidative stress and decreased ATP production in AGS cells that could not be compensated by induction of autophagy. Less severe LDE effects were seen on physiology of normal gastric fibroblasts; however, inhibition of their motility indicates that LDE can interfere with gastric cancer development via an effect on stromal cells. Along with the observed synergy of LDE and cisplatin/5-fluorouracil effects on AGS cells, our data show the potential of LDE for supplementation of the gastric cancer therapy.
Insights
This study shows that a mushroom extract from Lactarius deterrimus (LDE) can inhibit gastric cancer cell growth and invasion. LDE also enhances conventional chemotherapy, suggesting its potential as a complementary therapy for stomach cancer.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
- Mycology
Background:
- Stomach cancer is a leading global malignancy with stagnant treatment options.
- Mushrooms are recognized for bioactive compounds with therapeutic potential.
- Novel therapeutic strategies are needed to complement existing stomach cancer treatments.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the anti-cancer properties of a phenolic extract from Lactarius deterrimus (LDE).
- To evaluate the effects of LDE on gastric cancer cells (AGS) and normal gastric fibroblasts.
- To assess the potential of LDE as an adjunct therapy for stomach cancer.
Main Methods:
- High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for LDE composition analysis.
- In vitro assays to assess cytostatic, cytotoxic, and anti-invasive effects on AGS cells.
- Evaluation of LDE impact on normal gastric fibroblasts and synergy with cisplatin/5-fluorouracil.
Main Results:
- LDE exhibited significant cytostatic, cytotoxic, and anti-invasive effects on AGS cells.
- LDE induced oxidative stress and decreased ATP production in cancer cells, overwhelming autophagy.
- LDE showed milder effects on normal fibroblasts but inhibited their motility, suggesting stromal cell impact.
Conclusions:
- Lactarius deterrimus extract (LDE) possesses potent anti-gastric cancer activity.
- LDE demonstrates potential for synergistic effects with standard chemotherapy agents.
- LDE warrants further investigation as a complementary agent in stomach cancer therapy.
