Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis01:23

Role of Skin in Vitamin D Synthesis

6.3K
The skin plays a crucial role in the synthesis of vitamin D, a vital nutrient for various physiological processes in the body. Vitamin D is unique because it can be synthesized in the skin through a series of chemical reactions triggered by exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation from sunlight.
The solar UV B rays (290-315 nm) are absorbed by the skin, and 7-dehydrocholesterol (provitamin D3) photolyzes it to previtamin D3, which undergoes a rapid transformation to vitamin...
6.3K
Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis01:21

Skeleton and Calcium Homeostasis

5.0K
Calcium is not only the most abundant mineral in bone but also the most abundant mineral in the human body. Calcium ions are needed for bone mineralization, tooth health, heart rate regulation and strength of contraction, blood coagulation, the contraction of smooth and skeletal muscle cells, and the regulation of nerve impulse conduction. The average calcium level in the blood is about 10 mg/dL. When the body cannot maintain this level, a person will experience hypo or hypercalcemia.
5.0K
Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

3.1K
The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
3.1K
Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

3.9K
The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
3.9K
Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin00:51

Synthesis and Functions of Calcitonin

2.7K
Calcitonin, a vital polypeptide hormone, regulates calcium levels within body fluids. It is released by the parafollicular cells, also known as C cells, situated in the follicular epithelium of the thyroid gland. Calcitonin responds to fluctuations in blood calcium levels and the influence of gastrointestinal hormones like gastrin and cholecystokinin.
The exact mechanisms by which calcitonin operates in calcium homeostasis remain elusive, but its significance is evident in several vital...
2.7K
The Parathyroid Glands00:59

The Parathyroid Glands

2.8K
The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by...
2.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Markers and regulators of osteoblast and osteoclast activity in children with X-linked hypophosphatemia treated with burosumab.

Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research·2026
Same author

Anthropometric characteristics at birth and growth outcome in patients with X-linked hypophosphatemia treated with oral phosphate and active vitamin D.

Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)·2026
Same author

Novel <i>RRAGD</i> Variants in Autosomal Dominant Kidney Hypomagnesemia and Therapeutic Perspectives.

Kidney international reports·2025
Same author

Growth dynamics of transversal body dimensions and proportions, with related clinical determinants in children with X-linked hypophosphatemia treated with phosphate supplements and active vitamin D.

Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)·2025
Same author

Office Blood Pressure and Obesity in Children with X-Linked Hypophosphatemia.

Calcified tissue international·2025
Same author

Health-related quality of life of children with X-linked hypophosphatemia in Germany.

Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 13, 2025

A Method of Trigonometric Modelling of Seasonal Variation Demonstrated with Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Data
10:46

A Method of Trigonometric Modelling of Seasonal Variation Demonstrated with Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Data

Published on: December 9, 2015

10.8K

Vitamin D-dependent Hypercalcemia.

Karl Peter Schlingmann1

  • 1Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, Münster 48149, Germany.

Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America
|November 14, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vitamin D metabolism is key to calcium and phosphate balance. Disruptions cause rickets or hypercalcemia due to vitamin D activation or action issues.

Keywords:
1α-hydroxylase24-HydroxylaseCYP24A1CYP27B1Hypervitaminosis DIIHIdiopathic infantile hypercalcemiaVitamin D

More Related Videos

A Semi-Automated and Reproducible Biological-Based Method to Quantify Calcium Deposition In Vitro
11:30

A Semi-Automated and Reproducible Biological-Based Method to Quantify Calcium Deposition In Vitro

Published on: June 2, 2022

2.1K
Isolation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Alveolar Periosteum and Effects of Vitamin D on Osteogenic Activity of Periosteum-derived Cells
06:47

Isolation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Alveolar Periosteum and Effects of Vitamin D on Osteogenic Activity of Periosteum-derived Cells

Published on: May 4, 2018

9.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 13, 2025

A Method of Trigonometric Modelling of Seasonal Variation Demonstrated with Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Data
10:46

A Method of Trigonometric Modelling of Seasonal Variation Demonstrated with Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Data

Published on: December 9, 2015

10.8K
A Semi-Automated and Reproducible Biological-Based Method to Quantify Calcium Deposition In Vitro
11:30

A Semi-Automated and Reproducible Biological-Based Method to Quantify Calcium Deposition In Vitro

Published on: June 2, 2022

2.1K
Isolation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Alveolar Periosteum and Effects of Vitamin D on Osteogenic Activity of Periosteum-derived Cells
06:47

Isolation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Alveolar Periosteum and Effects of Vitamin D on Osteogenic Activity of Periosteum-derived Cells

Published on: May 4, 2018

9.5K

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Mineral Metabolism

Background:

  • Vitamin D metabolism is a crucial endocrine system regulating calcium and phosphate.
  • Disruptions in this system lead to various pathologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review disorders of vitamin D metabolism.
  • To discuss conditions with defective vitamin D activation/action and those with increased vitamin D activity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of vitamin D metabolism and related disorders.
  • Discussion of pathophysiologic processes and clinical presentations.

Main Results:

  • Defects in vitamin D activation/action cause vitamin D-dependent rickets.
  • Increased vitamin D activity can lead to hypercalcemia, hypercalciuria, and renal calcifications.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding vitamin D metabolism is vital for diagnosing and managing related endocrine and mineral disorders.
  • Disorders range from rickets to hypervitaminosis D, impacting calcium and phosphate homeostasis.