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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 13, 2025

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach
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Brain-predicted age difference is associated with cognitive processing in later-life.

Jo Wrigglesworth1, Nurathifah Yaacob1, Phillip Ward2

  • 1School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Neurobiology of Aging
|November 14, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Accelerated brain aging, measured by brain-PAD, is linked to slower psychomotor speed in healthy older adults. However, brain-PAD did not predict long-term cognitive decline over three years.

Keywords:
Brain agingCognitive functionEstimated brain ageMagnetic resonance imagingNeuroimagingPredicted age difference

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Gerontology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • Brain age, a neuroimaging biomarker, reflects brain health relative to chronological age.
  • The difference between brain age and chronological age (brain-PAD) may indicate accelerated or decelerated brain aging.
  • Understanding brain-PAD's association with cognitive function is crucial for aging research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between brain-PAD and cognitive function at baseline.
  • To examine the longitudinal association of brain-PAD with cognitive changes over three years.
  • To explore brain-PAD as a biomarker for cognitive aging in healthy older adults.

Main Methods:

  • Brain age was estimated using a T1-weighted MRI algorithm (Cole et al., 2018).
  • Participants (n=531) were community-dwelling older adults (≥70 years) with high education and socioeconomic status.
  • Cognitive function was assessed at baseline and longitudinally using tests for psychomotor speed, verbal fluency, delayed recall, and general cognitive status.

Main Results:

  • Brain-PAD was negatively associated with baseline psychomotor speed (p < 0.006) after controlling for covariates.
  • No significant associations were found between baseline brain-PAD and baseline verbal fluency, delayed recall, or general cognitive status.
  • Baseline brain-PAD did not predict 3-year cognitive change (p > 0.006).

Conclusions:

  • Accelerated brain aging (higher brain-PAD) is associated with poorer psychomotor speed in healthy older adults.
  • Brain-PAD may not be a reliable predictor of longitudinal cognitive decline in this population.
  • Further longitudinal research is needed to understand dynamic changes in brain-PAD and their cognitive implications.