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Updated: Jun 22, 2026

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
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Migraine headache in Sudan.

Etedal Ahmed A Ibrahim1,2, Ghada A Mutaal Badri2, Khabab Abbasher Hussien Mohamed Ahmed3

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, Al Neelain University, Department of Internal Medicine, Khartoum, Sudan.

Brain and Behavior
|November 14, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Environmental factors commonly trigger migraine headaches in Sudanese patients, with acetaminophen being the most frequent treatment. This study highlights key aspects of migraine presentation and management in this population.

Keywords:
Sudanauraheadachemigraineprecipitating factors

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroinflammation
  • Headache Disorders

Background:

  • Migraine is a chronic neuroinflammatory disease characterized by recurrent severe headaches.
  • It often presents with nausea and blurred vision, and can be triggered by various factors.
  • Understanding these triggers and clinical presentations is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the precipitating factors of migraine headaches in Sudanese patients.
  • To describe the clinical presentation of migraine in this population.
  • To document the treatment and prophylactic strategies employed for migraine in Sudan.

Main Methods:

  • A descriptive, hospital-based prospective study was conducted over three years (2016-2018).
  • 130 Sudanese migraine patients were enrolled at the National Centre for Neurological Science, Khartoum.
  • Data was collected via structured questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS, with p < 0.05 considered significant.

Main Results:

  • The study included 130 participants, predominantly females (80%) aged 26-35 (56.9%), with many being housewives (40%).
  • Most patients experienced migraine without aura (81.5%), with photophobia (51.5%) and nausea (50%) as common symptoms.
  • Environmental triggers (43.8%) were the most prevalent factors, followed by fasting, lack of sleep, and exertion (24.6% each). Acetaminophen was the most prescribed treatment (46.1%), and beta-blockers were the main prophylactic (29.2%).

Conclusions:

  • Environmental conditions are the most common triggers for migraine headaches in the studied Sudanese population.
  • Acetaminophen is the most frequently used medication for migraine relief in this group.
  • The findings provide insights into migraine epidemiology, triggers, and treatment patterns in Sudan.