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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 13, 2025

Dual-Task Stroop Paradigm for Detecting Cognitive Deficits in High-Functioning Stroke Patients
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Long-Term Cognitive Decline After Stroke: An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis.

Jessica W Lo1, John D Crawford1, David W Desmond

  • 1Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), UNSW, Sydney, Australia (J.W.L., J.D.C., H.B., D.M.L., B.L., P.S.S.).

Stroke
|November 15, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cognitive decline after stroke accelerates between years 1 and 3, particularly in older individuals and those with recurrent strokes. This decline is more pronounced compared to stroke-free individuals.

Keywords:
cognitioncognitive dysfunctionmeta-analysisrisk factorsstroke

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Poststroke cognitive impairment is a significant concern, yet its long-term trajectory remains poorly understood.
  • Understanding cognitive change patterns after stroke is crucial for effective management and intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the course and determinants of cognitive change following stroke.
  • To compare cognitive decline rates in stroke survivors versus stroke-free individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Individual participant data meta-analysis of nine longitudinal cohorts from seven countries.
  • Standardized cognitive scores were calculated for global cognition and five domains.
  • Analyses focused on the period from 1-year poststroke to assess long-term effects, comparing stroke patients with stroke-free controls.

Main Results:

  • Global cognition and most cognitive domains declined after the first year poststroke (-0.053 SD/year).
  • Older age and recurrent stroke were linked to accelerated cognitive decline.
  • Cognitive decline was significantly faster in stroke patients than in controls (-0.078 SD/year difference).

Conclusions:

  • Stroke survivors experience faster cognitive decline than stroke-free individuals from 1 to 3 years poststroke.
  • Older age and recurrent stroke are key risk factors for accelerated cognitive decline after stroke.