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Total Alloplastic Temporomandibular Joint Replacement.

Poonam Yadav¹, Ajoy Roychoudhury¹, Rudra Deo Kumar¹

¹Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery

|November 15, 2021

Summary

Alloplastic total joint replacement is a standard treatment for end-stage temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disease in adults. This procedure restores function, improves quality of life, and reduces pain, with successful outcomes reported.

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Area of Science:

Maxillofacial Surgery
Biomaterials Engineering
Orthopedic Surgery

Background:

End-stage temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disease significantly impacts patient quality of life.
Various surgical interventions exist, from conservative methods to joint replacement with alloplastic prostheses.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide an overview of the application and efficacy of alloplastic total joint prostheses in TMJ replacement.
To highlight the role of these prostheses in managing advanced TMJ disease.

Main Methods:

Review of current literature on alloplastic total joint prostheses for TMJ replacement.
Analysis of outcomes, benefits, and limitations based on existing evidence.

Main Results:

Keywords:

Alloplastic temporomandibular joint End-stage temporomandibular disease Temporomandibular joint ankylosis

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Alloplastic total joint prostheses are considered a standard of care for adult TMJ replacement.

Improvements in implant design, materials, and surgical techniques have increased utilization and success rates.

Benefits include restoration of form and function, enhanced quality of life, pain reduction, and maintenance of ramal height. It also aids in correcting facial asymmetry and reducing re-ankylosis in TMJ ankylosis.

Conclusions:

Total joint replacement with alloplastic prostheses is a standard procedure for end-stage TMJ disease.
Maxillofacial surgeons require comprehensive knowledge of TMJ replacement procedures.
Further evidence is needed for the application of these prostheses in skeletally immature patients.