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Updated: Oct 13, 2025

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach
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Aging Effect on Visuomotor Adaptation: Mediated by Cognitive Decline.

Na Li1, Guopeng Chen1, Yong Xie2

  • 1Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Affiliated Mental Health Center, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
|November 15, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Aging impairs visuomotor adaptation, but not solely due to age. Cognitive declines significantly mediate this effect, impacting motor planning and explicit processing of visual changes.

Keywords:
age-related cognitive declineagingmotor planningonline motor controlvisuomotor adaptation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Human Aging Research
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Visuomotor adaptation, the ability to adjust movements based on visual feedback, is crucial for daily activities.
  • The impact of aging on visuomotor adaptation is debated, with some studies showing decline and others suggesting resilience.
  • Understanding age-related changes in visuomotor control is vital for maintaining functional independence in older adults.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between aging, cognitive function, and visuomotor adaptation.
  • To determine if age-related cognitive declines mediate the observed changes in visuomotor adaptation.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying age-related visuomotor control deficits.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of visuomotor adaptation performance between young adults (18-27 years) and older adults (55-82 years).
  • Assessment of cognitive functions including processing speed and motor planning in both age groups.
  • Development and validation of a structural mediation model to analyze the influence of cognitive factors on visuomotor adaptation.

Main Results:

  • Older adults exhibited a decline in visuomotor adaptation compared to younger adults.
  • This decline was not directly correlated with chronological age but was significantly associated with age-related decreases in cognitive functions and motor planning speed.
  • The proposed mediation model effectively explained how reduced cognitive resources link increased age to impaired visuomotor adaptation.

Conclusions:

  • The aging effect on visuomotor adaptation is primarily driven by age-related cognitive declines.
  • Reduced cognitive resources lead to insufficient explicit processing of visual perturbations during visuomotor control.
  • Interventions targeting cognitive function may help mitigate age-related deficits in visuomotor adaptation.