Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

28.0K
The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
28.0K
Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:13

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

12.7K
Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
12.7K
Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

3.5K
Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
3.5K
Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:24

Reduction of Alkynes to cis-Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

8.2K
Introduction
Like alkenes, alkynes can be reduced to alkanes in the presence of transition metal catalysts such as Pt, Pd, or Ni. The reaction involves two sequential syn additions of hydrogen via a cis-alkene intermediate.
8.2K
Reduction of Benzene to Cyclohexane: Catalytic Hydrogenation01:28

Reduction of Benzene to Cyclohexane: Catalytic Hydrogenation

5.1K
Unlike the easy catalytic hydrogenation of an alkene double bond, hydrogenation of a benzene double bond under similar reaction conditions does not take place easily. For example, in the reduction of stilbene, the benzene ring remains unaffected while the alkene bond gets reduced. Hydrogenation of an alkene double bond is exothermic and a favorable process. In contrast, to hydrogenate the first unsaturated bond of benzene, an energy input is needed; that is, the process is endothermic. This is...
5.1K
Electrophilic Addition of HX to 1,3-Butadiene: Thermodynamic vs Kinetic Control01:23

Electrophilic Addition of HX to 1,3-Butadiene: Thermodynamic vs Kinetic Control

3.0K
The addition of a hydrogen halide to 1,3-butadiene gives a mixture of 1,2- and 1,4-adducts. Since more substituted alkenes are more stable, the 1,4-adduct is expected to be the major product. However, the product distribution is strongly influenced by temperature; low temperature favors the 1,2-adduct, whereas the 1,4-adduct is predominant at high temperature.
3.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same journal

Long-Term Stable Wearable Electrochemical Aptamer Sensor for Cortisol in Artificial Sweat Based on a Gold Nanoparticle-Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Methylene Blue Interface.

ACS omega·2026
Same journal

From the Gut to the Brain: Modeling Intestinal Absorption and Assessing Blood-Brain-Barrier Permeability of Small-Molecule Drugs by IAM Chromatography.

ACS omega·2026
Same journal

Retraction of "Flexible Type Symmetric Supercapacitor Electrode Fabrication Using Phosphoric Acid-Activated Carbon Nanomaterials Derived from Cow Dung for Renewable Energy Applications".

ACS omega·2026
Same journal

A Green Magnetite-Coated Waste Biomass for Simultaneous Removal of Multiple Toxic Metals from Water.

ACS omega·2026
Same journal

Mechanically Stable Metal/Silica Antireflective and Antidust Coatings with Controlled Optical Properties to Mitigate Dust Adhesion in Desert Conditions.

ACS omega·2026
Same journal

A Molecular Analogue of Cu/ZSM‑5 Catalyzing the Monooxygenation of Hydrocarbons via a Mono μ‑Oxo Dicopper Species.

ACS omega·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 13, 2025

Multiscale Sampling of a Heterogeneous Water/Metal Catalyst Interface using Density Functional Theory and Force-Field Molecular Dynamics
10:52

Multiscale Sampling of a Heterogeneous Water/Metal Catalyst Interface using Density Functional Theory and Force-Field Molecular Dynamics

Published on: April 12, 2019

13.0K

Dynamic Microkinetic Modeling for Heterogeneously Catalyzed Hydrogenation Reactions: a Coverage-Oriented View.

Runcong Liu1

  • 1Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.

ACS Omega
|November 15, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study analytically solves microkinetics for hydrogenation reactions, offering a dynamic view beyond static numerical methods. The new approach provides broader applicability and guidance for catalyst optimization.

More Related Videos

Preparation and 3D Tracking of Catalytic Swimming Devices
06:50

Preparation and 3D Tracking of Catalytic Swimming Devices

Published on: July 1, 2016

7.8K
Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes
12:08

Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes

Published on: June 24, 2022

3.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 13, 2025

Multiscale Sampling of a Heterogeneous Water/Metal Catalyst Interface using Density Functional Theory and Force-Field Molecular Dynamics
10:52

Multiscale Sampling of a Heterogeneous Water/Metal Catalyst Interface using Density Functional Theory and Force-Field Molecular Dynamics

Published on: April 12, 2019

13.0K
Preparation and 3D Tracking of Catalytic Swimming Devices
06:50

Preparation and 3D Tracking of Catalytic Swimming Devices

Published on: July 1, 2016

7.8K
Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes
12:08

Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes

Published on: June 24, 2022

3.7K

Area of Science:

  • Chemical Engineering
  • Catalysis Science
  • Reaction Kinetics

Background:

  • Microkinetics are typically solved numerically, limiting results to specific conditions.
  • Complexity of multistep reactions necessitates advanced analytical approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analytically solve microkinetics for heterogeneously catalyzed hydrogenation reactions.
  • To develop expressions valid under all reaction conditions.
  • To provide a dynamic perspective on reaction processes.

Main Methods:

  • Analytical solution of microkinetics for hydrogenation.
  • Coupling physical parameters: energy, reaction rate, and coverage.
  • Development of expressions for simple and complex reaction networks.

Main Results:

  • Analytical expressions derived for hydrogenation microkinetics.
  • Correlation of surface and gas-phase reactions via energy.
  • Dynamic process view instead of static snapshots.

Conclusions:

  • Analytical solutions offer broader validity than numerical methods.
  • Provides enhanced guidance for optimizing hydrogenation outcomes.
  • Facilitates improved catalyst development through dynamic insights.