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Biomimetic Inorganic Nanoparticle-Loaded Silk Fibroin-Based Coating with Enhanced Antibacterial and Osteogenic
Yunpeng Zhang1, Xiaorong Chen2, Yuan Li1
1Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi 046000, Shanxi, China.
ACS Omega
|November 15, 2021
Summary
This study developed a bone-mimetic coating using silk fibroin, nanohydroxyapatite, and silver nanoparticles. This coating enhances bone healing and exhibits strong antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Tissue Engineering
Background:
- Hard tissue implant failure is often caused by poor osseointegration and infection.
- Increasing implant failure rates necessitate advanced biomaterials with antibacterial and osteogenic properties.
- A biomimetic surface coating mimicking natural bone is crucial for improving implant success.
Purpose of the Study:
- To design and characterize a silk fibroin-based biomimetic coating incorporating nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs).
- To evaluate the coating's antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus.
- To assess the coating's potential to promote osteogenesis and reduce cytotoxicity for enhanced bone health.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of a silk fibroin coating with inlaid nHA and AgNPs, forming nHA/AgNP complexes (100-200 nm).
- Characterization of coating morphology, roughness, density, and nanoparticle distribution using transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
- In vitro assessment of antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and cytotoxicity evaluation using LDH and ROS assays with osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1).
Main Results:
- The nHA/Ag-loaded silk fibroin coating exhibited increased surface roughness, good density, and compact structure.
- The coating effectively inhibited Staphylococcus aureus adhesion and killed planktonic bacteria, demonstrating significant antibacterial ability.
- In vitro studies showed the coating promoted osteoblast adhesion, spreading, and proliferation, with reduced AgNP cytotoxicity.
Conclusions:
- The developed silk fibroin-based biomimetic coating with nHA and AgNPs shows excellent antibacterial properties and promotes osteogenesis.
- The nHA/Ag complex effectively mitigates the cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles, ensuring osteoblast viability.
- This composite coating represents a promising strategy for improving hard tissue implant performance and bone regeneration.
