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Roles of bile acids in enteric virus replication
Fanzhi Kong1,2, Linda J Saif1,3, Qiuhong Wang1,3
1Center for Food Animal Health, Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH USA.
Animal Diseases
|November 15, 2021
Summary
Bile acids (BAs) influence enteric virus replication, acting as either pro-viral or anti-viral factors. This review explores BA roles in virus replication and potential applications for developing antivirals and disinfectants.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Virology
- Gastroenterology
Background:
- Bile acids (BAs) are cholesterol-derived molecules crucial for nutrient absorption.
- In the intestines, BAs function as signaling molecules affecting biological processes via receptor activation.
- BAs exhibit dual roles, either promoting or inhibiting enteric virus replication.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the biosynthesis, transport, and metabolism of BAs.
- To summarize the role of BAs in the replication of enteric viruses like caliciviruses, rotaviruses, and coronaviruses.
- To discuss the potential application of BAs in virus research and control.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current scientific information.
- Synthesis of data on BA metabolism and function.
- Analysis of BA impact on enteric virus replication.
Main Results:
- Bile acids play a significant role in modulating enteric virus replication.
- BAs can either enhance or suppress the replication of various enteric viruses.
- Information on BA metabolism and function in viral replication is synthesized.
Conclusions:
- Bile acids are key modulators of enteric virus replication.
- Understanding BA-virus interactions can inform the development of novel antiviral strategies.
- BAs may be useful for adapting viruses in cell culture and controlling infections.
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