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Related Concept Videos

Decision Making01:20

Decision Making

311
Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
311
Decision Making: Traditional Method01:14

Decision Making: Traditional Method

4.3K
The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...
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Reason and Intuition01:37

Reason and Intuition

7.0K
The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
7.0K
Decision Making: P-value Method01:09

Decision Making: P-value Method

5.8K
The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is proposed. The claim is based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to the claim  is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses:  a null hypothesis would be a neutral statement while the alternative hypothesis can...
5.8K
Heuristics01:21

Heuristics

169
Heuristics are problem-solving strategies that use mental shortcuts to simplify decision-making. Unlike algorithms, which must be followed precisely to achieve a correct result, heuristics offer a general problem-solving framework. They save time and energy but can sometimes lead to less rational decisions.
People often rely on heuristics when faced with an overload of information, limited time, low importance of the decision, limited information, or when a heuristic readily comes to mind. For...
169
Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition01:24

Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition

138
A revisionist approach to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has brought new insights that challenge and reinterpret his established ideas. Piaget proposed that the formal operational stage, emerging in adolescence, represents the culmination of cognitive maturity. During this stage, individuals are said to develop abstract thinking, engage in systematic problem-solving, and show a form of egocentrism, believing others are as preoccupied with their behavior as they are...
138

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Updated: Oct 13, 2025

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Decision Making: a Theoretical Review.

Matteo Morelli1, Maria Casagrande2, Giuseppe Forte3,4

  • 1Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università di Roma "Sapienza", Via dei Marsi. 78, 00185, Rome, Italy.

Integrative Psychological & Behavioral Science
|November 15, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review synthesizes research on decision-making, a vital skill for daily life and autonomy. Understanding the neuropsychological aspects and various theoretical approaches is key to refining decision-making theories.

Keywords:
Decision makingDecision-making tasksDecision-making theoriesNeural correlates of decision making

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • Decision-making is fundamental for environmental adaptation and personal autonomy.
  • It involves selecting between multiple options and is studied across various disciplines.
  • Existing research covers diverse theoretical frameworks and analytical levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a theoretical review of decision-making research.
  • To examine different levels of analysis, theoretical approaches, and neuropsychological aspects.
  • To summarize evidence on this core human process.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical review of existing literature on decision-making.
  • Analysis of different theoretical approaches and their integration.
  • Examination of neuropsychological correlates and methodological measures.

Main Results:

  • Decision-making research spans multiple theoretical perspectives and analytical levels.
  • Neuropsychological factors significantly influence decision-making processes.
  • Common methodologies for studying decision-making have been identified.

Conclusions:

  • While significant progress has been made, many aspects of decision-making remain unclear.
  • Further experimental research is required to deepen our understanding.
  • Integrating and refining current theories necessitates continued investigation.