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A cloud-based toolbox for the versatile environmental annotation of biodiversity data.

Richard Li1,2, Ajay Ranipeta1,2, John Wilshire1,2

  • 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America.

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The Spatiotemporal Observation Annotation Tool (STOAT) enables flexible integration of biodiversity data with environmental data across various scales. This cloud-based toolbox overcomes technical hurdles for large datasets, enhancing ecological research.

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Area of Science:

  • Biodiversity informatics
  • Ecological modeling
  • Environmental data science

Background:

  • Integrating biodiversity data with environmental data is crucial for ecological research.
  • Existing tools face limitations in handling diverse spatial and temporal scales, especially for large datasets.
  • Technical hurdles hinder versatile and scale-flexible environmental annotation of biodiversity data.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce the Spatiotemporal Observation Annotation Tool (STOAT), a cloud-based toolbox for flexible biodiversity-environment annotations.
  • To address the need for scale-flexible environmental characterization of biodiversity data, particularly for large datasets.
  • To facilitate the integration of biodiversity data with various environmental datasets at user-specified resolutions.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a cloud-based toolbox (STOAT) with a web-based dashboard and an R package (rstoat).
  • STOAT allows user-defined spatial and temporal resolutions and buffering for environmental data integration.
  • Integration with near-global environmental data sources (Landsat, MODIS, EarthEnv, CHELSA) and linked to Map of Life.

Main Results:

  • STOAT provides flexible, scale-aware environmental annotations for large biodiversity datasets.
  • Demonstrated functionality through examples of phenological variation and scale dependence in bird environmental characteristics.
  • The tool supports environmental characterizations that account for data uncertainty and process scales.

Conclusions:

  • STOAT overcomes technical limitations in environmental annotation of biodiversity data.
  • The tool is expected to facilitate broader exploration of scale dependence in ecological observations and processes.
  • STOAT enhances the integration of biodiversity and environmental data for ecological research applications.