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Low-complexity three-dimensional discrete Hartley transform approximations for medical image compression.

Vítor A Coutinho1, Renato J Cintra2, Fábio M Bayer3

  • 1Signal Processing Group, Departamento de Estatística, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil; Recife Center for Advanced Studies and Systems (CESAR), Recife, PE, Brazil.

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Summary

Multiplierless approximations of the 3D Discrete Hartley Transform (DHT) offer significant computational savings for medical image compression. These fixed-point methods maintain high visual quality while reducing hardware demands for resource-limited devices.

Keywords:
3D DHTDHT approximationDICOMData compressionVideo coding

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Signal Processing
  • Computer Science

Background:

  • The 3D Discrete Hartley Transform (DHT) is valuable for medical image compression but requires computationally intensive floating-point arithmetic.
  • Wireless and implantable biomedical devices face power and hardware constraints, making complex multiplications problematic.
  • Existing methods for 3D DHT are unsuitable for low-power, resource-constrained applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop multiplierless approximations of the 3D DHT suitable for fixed-point arithmetic.
  • To reduce computational complexity and hardware requirements for medical image compression on embedded systems.
  • To evaluate the performance of these approximations in a lossy compression algorithm.

Main Methods:

  • Derived 3D DHT approximations using tensor formalism.
  • Implemented approximations using fixed-point arithmetic, avoiding irrational multiplications.
  • Applied the proposed transforms in a 3D DHT-based lossy medical image compression algorithm.
  • Implemented and tested on an ARM Cortex-M0+ processor (Raspberry Pi Pico).

Main Results:

  • Achieved practically identical visual quality (>98% SSIM) compared to standard 3D DHT-based compression.
  • Reduced multiplicative complexity by 100%.
  • Reduced execution time by ~70% compared to standard 3D DHT and ~90% compared to 3D DCT on an ARM Cortex-M0+.
  • Demonstrated suitability for resource-limited embedded systems.

Conclusions:

  • Multiplierless 3D DHT approximations provide significant computational and hardware advantages for medical image compression.
  • These methods are ideal for power-constrained biomedical devices.
  • The proposed approach offers a practical solution for efficient medical image processing in embedded applications.