Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Two-Dimensional (2D) NMR: Overview01:12

Two-Dimensional (2D) NMR: Overview

966
The 1D NMR spectrum of large and complex molecules like natural products has complicated splitting patterns and overlapping signals, which can be easily interpreted using 2-dimensional (2D) NMR. Unlike 1D NMR, 2D NMR has two frequency axes that provide the coupling information between the nucleus A and nucleus B in a molecule. The process from which 2D spectra are obtained has four steps.
The first step is the preparation period, during which nucleus A is excited with a radiofrequency pulse....
966
Dual Nature of Electromagnetic (EM) Radiation01:10

Dual Nature of Electromagnetic (EM) Radiation

2.6K
Electromagnetic (EM) radiation consists of electric and magnetic field components oscillating in planes perpendicular to each other and mutually perpendicular to radiation propagation through space. EM radiation can be classified as a wave, characterized by the properties of waves such as wavelength (denoted as λ) and frequency (represented by ν).
Wavelength is the distance between two consecutive peaks (the highest point) or troughs (the lowest point) in the wave. Frequency is the...
2.6K
Bewley Lattice Diagram01:12

Bewley Lattice Diagram

935
The Bewley lattice diagram, developed by L. V. Bewley, effectively organizes the reflections occurring during transmission-line transients. It visually represents how voltage waves propagate and reflect within a transmission line, making it easier to understand the complex interactions that occur.
935
Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

Standing Waves in a Cavity

1.1K
A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
1.1K
Network Function of a Circuit01:25

Network Function of a Circuit

424
Frequency response analysis in electrical circuits provides vital insights into a circuit's behavior as the frequency of the input signal changes. The transfer function, a mathematical tool, is instrumental in understanding this behavior. It defines the relationship between phasor output and input and comes in four types: voltage gain, current gain, transfer impedance, and transfer admittance. The critical components of the transfer function are the poles and zeros.
424
¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals

1.2K
Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are...
1.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Links between personality functioning and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms: a network analysis.

European journal of psychotraumatology·2026
Same author

Association of Life's Crucial 9 Score With Liver Fibrosis and Mortality in U.S. Adults With MASLD: Evidence From NHANES and the Mediating Role of Systemic Inflammation.

Mediators of inflammation·2026
Same author

Toxicological impacts of neonicotinoid insecticides in zebrafish: A review of individual and mixture toxicity.

Environmental toxicology and pharmacology·2026
Same author

Diagnosis and treatment of multiple postoperative fistulas following resection of a giant abdominal mesenteric fibromatosis: a case report and literature review.

Frontiers in surgery·2026
Same author

Risk of COVID-19 infections at the workplace: Lessons learned from OSHA investigations.

Journal of safety research·2026
Same author

Molecular Engineering of Fluorinated Nitriles as Self-Passivating Electrolyte for High Voltage Lithium Metal Batteries.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 13, 2025

Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials
10:35

Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials

Published on: September 26, 2014

12.4K

Spectral duality in graphs and microwave networks.

Tobias Hofmann1, Junjie Lu2, Ulrich Kuhl1,2

  • 1Fachbereich Physik, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany.

Physical Review. E
|November 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Quantum graphs and microwave networks reveal spectral statistics in chaotic systems. Neumann graphs, used experimentally, show local random matrix behavior but long-range correlations with Dirichlet spectra.

More Related Videos

Recombination Dynamics in Thin-film Photovoltaic Materials via Time-resolved Microwave Conductivity
11:30

Recombination Dynamics in Thin-film Photovoltaic Materials via Time-resolved Microwave Conductivity

Published on: March 6, 2017

11.9K
Performing Spectroscopy on Plasmonic Nanoparticles with Transmission-Based Nomarski-Type Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy
08:54

Performing Spectroscopy on Plasmonic Nanoparticles with Transmission-Based Nomarski-Type Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

Published on: June 5, 2019

7.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 13, 2025

Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials
10:35

Using Microwave and Macroscopic Samples of Dielectric Solids to Study the Photonic Properties of Disordered Photonic Bandgap Materials

Published on: September 26, 2014

12.4K
Recombination Dynamics in Thin-film Photovoltaic Materials via Time-resolved Microwave Conductivity
11:30

Recombination Dynamics in Thin-film Photovoltaic Materials via Time-resolved Microwave Conductivity

Published on: March 6, 2017

11.9K
Performing Spectroscopy on Plasmonic Nanoparticles with Transmission-Based Nomarski-Type Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy
08:54

Performing Spectroscopy on Plasmonic Nanoparticles with Transmission-Based Nomarski-Type Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

Published on: June 5, 2019

7.7K

Area of Science:

  • Quantum chaos
  • Spectral statistics
  • Graph theory

Background:

  • Quantum graphs and microwave networks serve as models for chaotic systems.
  • Spectral statistics are crucial for understanding quantum chaos.
  • Boundary conditions at vertices (Neumann vs. Dirichlet) influence graph spectra.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate spectral statistics of chaotic systems using quantum graphs.
  • Analyze the impact of Neumann and Dirichlet boundary conditions on graph eigenvalues.
  • Explore spectral interlacing in experimentally accessible quantities like the Green's function.

Main Methods:

  • Calculating graph spectra from the zeros of a secular determinant.
  • Applying Neumann boundary conditions (current conservation) for experimental relevance.
  • Comparing Neumann and Dirichlet eigenvalue behavior and long-range correlations.
  • Analyzing the Green's function for spectral interlacing.

Main Results:

  • Neumann and Dirichlet eigenvalues exhibit average alternation with wave number.
  • Neumann spectra align with random matrix theory locally but show Dirichlet-like long-range correlations.
  • Spectral interlacing is observed in the experimentally accessible Green's function.

Conclusions:

  • Quantum graphs provide a valuable framework for studying quantum chaos.
  • Experimental realization using microwave networks validates theoretical predictions.
  • Spectral interlacing in the Green's function offers an experimentally observable signature of chaotic behavior.