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Soft particle clogging in two-dimensional hoppers.

Ran Tao1, Madelyn Wilson1, Eric R Weeks1

  • 1Department of Physics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Soft particle flow through hoppers is easier to clog with less gravity or stiffer particles. Friction significantly impacts clogging arch size, and hydrostatic pressure plays a role in soft particle clogging.

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Area of Science:

  • Granular physics
  • Soft matter physics
  • Fluid dynamics

Background:

  • Understanding granular flow through hoppers is crucial for various industrial processes.
  • Soft particles exhibit unique behaviors compared to rigid spheres, particularly under confinement.
  • Hopper clogging is a complex phenomenon influenced by particle properties and external forces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clogging dynamics of soft particles in quasi-two-dimensional hoppers.
  • To compare experimental results with simulation data for soft particle flow.
  • To identify key parameters influencing hopper clogging, such as gravity, particle stiffness, and friction.

Main Methods:

  • Experiments using hydrogel, silicone rubber, and glass spheres in an adjustable hopper.
  • Two-dimensional simulations of soft particles with viscous interactions and no friction.
  • Analysis of clogging arch formation and particle counts during flow.

Main Results:

  • Clogging is more frequent with reduced gravitational force and stiffer particles.
  • For low-friction particles, clogging arch size depends on the hopper width to particle diameter ratio.
  • Frictional silicone rubber particles formed larger clogging arches than low-friction particles.
  • Hydrostatic pressure effects were observed in soft particle clogging but less so in hard or frictional particles.

Conclusions:

  • Particle stiffness and gravitational force are critical factors in soft particle hopper clogging.
  • Friction significantly alters clogging behavior, leading to larger arches.
  • Hydrostatic pressure is a relevant factor for soft particle clogging, distinguishing their behavior from rigid or frictional granular flows.