Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Conjugated Proteins

Conjugated Proteins

Simple proteins and protein complexes contain only amino acids. In contrast, many other proteins, called conjugated proteins, covalently bond with non-protein moieties.
Nucleoproteins are protein complexes that contain nucleic acids, categorized as deoxyribonucleoproteins (DNPs) or ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) respectively. The nucleosome is a typical example of a DNP where nuclear DNA is associated with histone proteins. The major antigen for the Covid-19 virus SARS-CoV is an RNP that is critical...

Coronavirus

Coronavirus

Coronaviruses, including the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), are enveloped viruses characterized by their single-stranded, positive-sense RNA genome and helical nucleocapsid structure. The hallmark of these viruses is their club-shaped spike (S) glycoproteins that protrude from the viral envelope, facilitating attachment to host cells. Typically, coronaviruses infect the upper respiratory tract, often causing mild or asymptomatic disease. However, certain strains like...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Repurposing of a DNA segregation machinery into a cytoskeletal system controlling cell shape.

Science (New York, N.Y.)·2026

Same author

A prophage-encoded abortive infection protein preserves host and prophage spread.

Nature·2026

Same author

Activation of the <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> intramembrane sensing histidine kinase SaeS via intramembrane interaction with the bacterially encoded small protein ScrA.

mBio·2025

Same author

Molecular stripping underpins derepression of a toxin-antitoxin system.

Nature structural & molecular biology·2024

Same author

A simple, robust, broadly applicable insertion mutagenesis method to create random fluorescent protein: target protein fusions.

G3 (Bethesda, Md.)·2024

Same author

Stapled Phd Peptides Inhibit Doc Toxin Induced Growth Arrest in <i>Salmonella</i>.

ACS chemical biology·2023

Same journal

mGem: Subcellular compartments in bacterial pathogens and their role during infection.

mBio·2026

Same journal

mGem: A perfect storm in the era of global warming-the convergence between thermotolerant fungi and altered immunity.

mBio·2026

Same journal

Global genomic surveillance of <i>Salmonella</i> in the environment: assessing virulence and antimicrobial resistance at scale.

mBio·2026

Same journal

Detoxifying and depolymerizing microorganisms reveal intertwined guild collaborations in the gut microbiome of the generalist macro-algivorous fish <i>Kyphosus cinerascens</i>.

mBio·2026

Same journal

Importance of manganese uptake in uropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> CFT073 during urinary tract infection.

mBio·2026

Same journal

Erratum for Theriault et al., "Utilization of a CRISPRi-based <i>ex vivo</i> challenge model to reveal temporally dependent gene essentiality in intracellular <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i>".

mBio·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 16, 2026

High-throughput Confocal Imaging of Quantum Dot-Conjugated SARS-CoV-2 Spike Trimers to Track Binding and Endocytosis in HEK293T Cells

High-throughput Confocal Imaging of Quantum Dot-Conjugated SARS-CoV-2 Spike Trimers to Track Binding and Endocytosis in HEK293T Cells

Published on: April 21, 2022

A Bacterial Cell-Based Assay To Study SARS-CoV-2 Protein-Protein Interactions.

Benjamin L Springstein¹, Padraig Deighan¹, Grzegorz J Grabe¹

¹Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical Schoolgrid.471403.5, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

|November 16, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A bacterial cell-based two-hybrid system was used to identify 16 protein-protein interactions within severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This system also detected interactions between the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor-binding domain and ACE2, and analyzed variant mutations.

Keywords:

SARS-CoV-2 protein interactome protein-protein interactions two-hybrid analyses

More Related Videos

Pulldown Assay Coupled with Co-Expression in Bacteria Cells as a Time-Efficient Tool for Testing Challenging Protein-Protein Interactions

Pulldown Assay Coupled with Co-Expression in Bacteria Cells as a Time-Efficient Tool for Testing Challenging Protein-Protein Interactions

Published on: December 23, 2022

Author Spotlight: Advancing Antiviral Strategies Through Novel Immunocapture and Mass Spectrometry Techniques

Author Spotlight: Advancing Antiviral Strategies Through Novel Immunocapture and Mass Spectrometry Techniques

Published on: January 12, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 16, 2026

High-throughput Confocal Imaging of Quantum Dot-Conjugated SARS-CoV-2 Spike Trimers to Track Binding and Endocytosis in HEK293T Cells

High-throughput Confocal Imaging of Quantum Dot-Conjugated SARS-CoV-2 Spike Trimers to Track Binding and Endocytosis in HEK293T Cells

Published on: April 21, 2022

Pulldown Assay Coupled with Co-Expression in Bacteria Cells as a Time-Efficient Tool for Testing Challenging Protein-Protein Interactions

Pulldown Assay Coupled with Co-Expression in Bacteria Cells as a Time-Efficient Tool for Testing Challenging Protein-Protein Interactions

Published on: December 23, 2022

Author Spotlight: Advancing Antiviral Strategies Through Novel Immunocapture and Mass Spectrometry Techniques

Author Spotlight: Advancing Antiviral Strategies Through Novel Immunocapture and Mass Spectrometry Techniques

Published on: January 12, 2024

Area of Science:

Virology and Molecular Biology
Protein-protein interactions
Drug discovery

Background:

Understanding viral protein interactions is crucial for basic viral biology and developing therapeutics.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) interactions are key to addressing the COVID-19 pandemic.
Existing therapeutics for COVID-19 are limited, highlighting the need for novel approaches.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and utilize a bacterial cell-based two-hybrid (B2H) system for analyzing the SARS-CoV-2 proteome.
To identify and genetically dissect intraviral protein-protein interactions (PPIs) within SARS-CoV-2.
To investigate the interaction between the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor-binding domain (RBD) and ACE2, and the impact of mutations.

Main Methods:

Employed a bacterial cell-based two-hybrid (B2H) system to screen the SARS-CoV-2 proteome for protein interactions.
Developed a modified B2H system to detect disulfide bond-dependent PPIs in a reducing bacterial cytoplasm.
Analyzed the effect of specific amino acid substitutions in the RBD on its interaction with ACE2.

Main Results:

Identified 16 distinct intraviral PPIs involving 16 SARS-CoV-2 proteins, with many proteins interacting with multiple partners.
Successfully detected the interaction between the SARS-CoV-2 RBD and human ACE2 using the modified B2H system.
Demonstrated that specific RBD mutations found in circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants can perturb the RBD-ACE2 interaction.

Conclusions:

The B2H system is a versatile and genetically tractable tool for probing viral protein interactions and dissecting their functional significance.
The findings provide insights into SARS-CoV-2 biology and offer a platform for identifying potential therapeutic targets.
The modified B2H system's ability to detect disulfide bond-dependent interactions extends its utility to eukaryotic protein studies.