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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 13, 2025

Development of a Rabbit Chronic-Like Rotator Cuff Injury Model for Study of Fibrosis and Muscular Fatty Degeneration
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Age-related cellular and microstructural changes in the rotator cuff enthesis.

Zeling Long1,2, Koichi Nakagawa1, Zhanwen Wang1,3

  • 1Tendon and Soft Tissue Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.

Journal of Orthopaedic Research : Official Publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society
|November 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Aging alters rotator cuff enthesis cells, reducing their regenerative potential while increasing bone-forming capacity. Understanding these cellular changes is key for developing effective rotator cuff injury therapies.

Keywords:
agingchondrogenesisenthesisrotator cufftenogenesis

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cell Biology
  • Orthopedics

Background:

  • Rotator cuff injuries are common and increase with age.
  • The enthesis is a frequent site of rotator cuff injury and degeneration.
  • Understanding age-related enthesis changes is crucial for developing targeted therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate age-related cellular alterations in the rotator cuff enthesis.
  • To compare cellular properties of rotator cuff derived cells (RCECs) across different age groups (young, mature, aged) in rats.
  • To establish age-appropriate models for studying rotator cuff degeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of rotator cuff enthesis tissues from young, mature, and aged rats.
  • Assessment of RCEC proliferation, migration, and colony-forming potential.
  • Evaluation of tenogenic, chondrogenic, osteogenic, and adipogenic differentiation potential of RCECs.

Main Results:

  • Aged enthesis exhibited an increased mineralized zone and a decreased nonmineralized zone.
  • Aging significantly attenuated RCEC proliferation, migration, and colony-forming ability.
  • Aged RCECs showed reduced tenogenic and chondrogenic potential, but increased osteogenic and adipogenic potential.

Conclusions:

  • Aging induces significant cellular and structural changes in the rotator cuff enthesis.
  • Age-related alterations in RCEC differentiation potential impact enthesis function and injury susceptibility.
  • This study underscores the necessity of age-specific models for advancing rotator cuff injury research and therapeutic development.